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Infection by Enterobacter sakazakii has emerged as a rare cause of neonatal meningitis,septicemia,and Enterocolitis.Contaminated infant formula has been the principle infection or transmission vehicle,although E.sakazakii has been isolated from a wide range of foods,food ingredients or food production environments.To date,the true reservoir and the exact epidemiology are still unknown.Although not all cased have been attributed to the ingestion of infant formula (IFM),the microbiological safety and preparation of IFM are of great concern.The international commission for Microbiological Specification for Foods has ranked E.sakazakii as a “Severe hazard for restricted populations,life
Threatening or substantial chronic sequelae or long duration”.To minimize the possible contamination of IFM,both the raw material and the production environment must be constantly monitored.In general,microbiological methods based on phenotype anlysis are acknowledeged to be unreliable due to the unstable expression of corresponding marker(s).In 2004,the joint FAO/WHO workshop on E.sakazakii and other micoorganisms in powdered infant formula recommended promoting the use of internationally validated detection and molecular typing methods for identifying E.sakazakii.
In this contest,methods employing molecular subtypings based on DNA,such as RAPD-PCR,can be useful tools to facilitate surveillance,and can also trace routes from a source to an infected individual.To date,however,there has been only one report on the use of ERIC-PCR fingerprinting in E.sakazakii ATCC51329.The aim of the current study was therefore to demonstrate the potential usefulness of the ERIC-PCR technique in the investigation of epidemic disease,as well as for basic molecular characterizations of pathogenic organisms such as E.sakazakii.ERIC-PCR subtyping fingerprinting was used to generate fingerprint patterns from the type strain ATCC29544 as well as from 22 E.sakazakii strains derived from infant formular and powdered milks.One consensus fragment was found in all of the ERIC-PCR fingerprints.This fragment was cloned and sequenced from the type strain ATCC29544 and dot hybridization confirmed its presence in all of the other 22strains.The sequence of this consensus fragment was then used to examine diversity within E.sakazakii strains and other related species.
Infection by Enterobacter sakazakii has emerged as a rare cause of neonatal meningitis,septicemia,and Enterocolitis.Contaminated infant formula has been the principle infection or transmission vehicle,although E.sakazakii has been isolated from a wide range of foods,food ingredients or food production environments.To date,the true reservoir and the exact epidemiology are still unknown.Although not all cased have been attributed to the ingestion of infant formula (IFM),the microbiological safety and preparation of IFM are of great concern.The international commission for Microbiological Specification for Foods has ranked E.sakazakii as a “Severe hazard for restricted populations,life
Threatening or substantial chronic sequelae or long duration”.To minimize the possible contamination of IFM,both the raw material and the production environment must be constantly monitored.In general,microbiological methods based on phenotype anlysis are acknowledeged to be unreliable due to the unstable expression of corresponding marker(s).In 2004,the joint FAO/WHO workshop on E.sakazakii and other micoorganisms in powdered infant formula recommended promoting the use of internationally validated detection and molecular typing methods for identifying E.sakazakii.
In this contest,methods employing molecular subtypings based on DNA,such as RAPD-PCR,can be useful tools to facilitate surveillance,and can also trace routes from a source to an infected individual.To date,however,there has been only one report on the use of ERIC-PCR fingerprinting in E.sakazakii ATCC51329.The aim of the current study was therefore to demonstrate the potential usefulness of the ERIC-PCR technique in the investigation of epidemic disease,as well as for basic molecular characterizations of pathogenic organisms such as E.sakazakii.ERIC-PCR subtyping fingerprinting was used to generate fingerprint patterns from the type strain ATCC29544 as well as from 22 E.sakazakii strains derived from infant formular and powdered milks.One consensus fragment was found in all of the ERIC-PCR fingerprints.This fragment was cloned and sequenced from the type strain ATCC29544 and dot hybridization confirmed its presence in all of the other 22strains.The sequence of this consensus fragment was then used to examine diversity within E.sakazakii strains and other related species.
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