the seed had already taken root.it had begun to------

the seed had already taken root.it had begun to______
A)grow
B)root
C)grow up
D)raise
翻译,为什么不能选C
2）the life of the chinese people has been much_____these years
A)rose
B)advanced
C)improved
D)raised
翻译全句,为什么不能选B
3)the captain_____anapology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather
A)made
B)said
C)put
D)passed
翻译全句,句中的caused怎么解释,cause为什么要加ed