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英语翻译
Figure 8:Simu lation resu lts of the inve stigated hy br id rigid body models de scribed in Table 1 at dif-ferent time states (0.0 s – 1.8 s – 3.0 s – 4.8 s)
The first,stro ngly simplifie d model fr om Figure 7(a) contains only one rigid bo dy,which rep rese n ts the entire uppe r part of the building.In the first p a rt of the collapse,the model show s rather g o od co rrela-tion with the pure finite ele ment model,while after the rigid body is getting into contac t with the gro und plate,the kin e matics change dram atic al ly.Conseque ntly,the discretization is ov ersi mplified to resem -ble the finite element solution and a refinement ofth e rigid bodi es is requi red to obtain better correla-tion.
In the second investigated hybrid rigid b ody mod e l propo sed in Fig u re 7(b) ,the size of the up per rigid body wa s redu ced and ad ditional sep a ra te rigid bodie s we re introduce d in the inner pa rts of the wall s,paralle l to the longe r side of the buildin g.The rigid parts are connected by parts discretized with finiteelements,which are modeled with the material pa ra meters from the pure finite element model.As sho w n in Figu re 6(a),high strainrates a ppear m a in ly at thecon n ection of wall s and colu mns while the inner regi ons of the wall s remai n rather undefor med.Also elem ent erosi on i s recognized al ong thecolum n s as can be seen i n Figure 6 ( b) .In additio n ,pa rts of the coll ecting bins were m odel ed with rigid bodies .Altogether the mo del cons is ts of 16 indepe ndentbodies con n ec ted by finite element meshe s .As expected in Figure 8(b) a better correlation to t he o r iginal simula tion than with the first more simpli-fied assumpti on is found.
Figure 8:Simu lation resu lts of the inve stigated hy br id rigid body models de scribed in Table 1 at dif-ferent time states (0.0 s – 1.8 s – 3.0 s – 4.8 s)
The first,stro ngly simplifie d model fr om Figure 7(a) contains only one rigid bo dy,which rep rese n ts the entire uppe r part of the building.In the first p a rt of the collapse,the model show s rather g o od co rrela-tion with the pure finite ele ment model,while after the rigid body is getting into contac t with the gro und plate,the kin e matics change dram atic al ly.Conseque ntly,the discretization is ov ersi mplified to resem -ble the finite element solution and a refinement ofth e rigid bodi es is requi red to obtain better correla-tion.
In the second investigated hybrid rigid b ody mod e l propo sed in Fig u re 7(b) ,the size of the up per rigid body wa s redu ced and ad ditional sep a ra te rigid bodie s we re introduce d in the inner pa rts of the wall s,paralle l to the longe r side of the buildin g.The rigid parts are connected by parts discretized with finiteelements,which are modeled with the material pa ra meters from the pure finite element model.As sho w n in Figu re 6(a),high strainrates a ppear m a in ly at thecon n ection of wall s and colu mns while the inner regi ons of the wall s remai n rather undefor med.Also elem ent erosi on i s recognized al ong thecolum n s as can be seen i n Figure 6 ( b) .In additio n ,pa rts of the coll ecting bins were m odel ed with rigid bodies .Altogether the mo del cons is ts of 16 indepe ndentbodies con n ec ted by finite element meshe s .As expected in Figure 8(b) a better correlation to t he o r iginal simula tion than with the first more simpli-fied assumpti on is found.
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