这个问题要分两部分.一个是三者不能用,至少不到相当的水平不会用.另一个是,如果用汉字解释,则没用.理解英语最好的语言是英语,不论用任何其他语言,都理解不全面.
如果楼主同意这两个观点.咱么来说说这三个玩意儿吧!
首先,base,root,stem经常混用的,不玩儿语言的不用深究.公式：
prefix+infix+base+infix+suffix
这是基本构成,当然有变形了,两个,三个组合的也有.
例子不好举,受到这个窗口的限制,试试看：
这里的pend就是hang的意思,大概找到了下面的一些,这样学英语的话,必须用词源的,并不适合所有学员.祝进步.参考书附上：
append
appendage
appendix (BODY PART)
appendectomy,at appendix (BODY PART)
appendicitis,at appendix (BODY PART)
appendix (BOOK PART)
compendium
depend
dependent,at depend
dependable
dependably,at dependable
dependability,at dependable
dependant
dependence
dependency
dependent
expend
expendable,at expend
expenditure,at expend
impending
independent (NOT INFLUENCED)
independently,at independent (NOT INFLUENCED)
independent (NOT RULED)
independence,at independent (NOT RULED)
independent (NOT HELPED)
independence,at independent (NOT HELPED)
interdependent
interdependence,at interdependent
pendant
pendent
pending
pending,at pending
pendulous
pendulum
perpendicular
perpendicular,at perpendicular
perpendicularly,at perpendicular
suspend (STOP)
suspend (HANG)
suspender
suspenders
grumbling appendix
Independence Day (US)
Independence Day (OTHER COUNTRIES)
independent means
independent school
suspended animation
suspender belt
suspenders,at brace (SUPPORT)
capital expenditure,at capital investment
dependent,at dependant
dependance,at dependence
dependency,at dependence
Independence Day,at the Fourth of July
pendant,at pendent
depend on/upon sb/sth (TRUST)
depend on/upon sb/sth (SUPPORT)
it (all) depends
(you can) depend on/upon it
可能有些错误.
参考书：
Wang王丽琼,L.(2008).浅谈中学英语词汇记忆方法On the Methods of Memorizing English Vocabulary in Middle School.中学课程辅导-教学研究Secondary School Curriculum Coaching-Teaching Research,2(3),9-10.
王询,& 胡翔.(2002).汉英法日俄多种语言对照基础词汇.中国北京Beijing,China:华语教学出版社Sinolingua.
何欢.(1988).中英法德意商品分类词汇手册.中国北京Beijing,China:商务印书馆The Commercial Press.
Lin林承璋,C.e.-c.(1987).An Introduction to English Lexicology英语词汇学引论.Wu-han武汉:Wuhan University Press武汉大学出版社.
Zhang张韵斐,Y.,& Zhou周锡卿,X.(1986).An Introduction to Modern English Lexicology现代英语词汇学概论.Beijing,China中国北京:北京师范大学出版社.
Wang汪榕培,R.,& Wang王爵鸾,J.(1986).实用英语词汇学练习集Exercises for a Practical English Lexicology.辽宁沈阳Shenyang,Liaoning,China:辽宁人民出版社Liaoning People's Publishing House.
Chen陈胥华,X.,& Zhi史美洲,M.(1986).英语超级词汇量速成手册A Handbook for Instant Superior Vocabulary.湖北武汉Wuhan,Hubei,China:湖北教育出版社Hubei Education Press.
Lin林福美,F.-M.(1985).Modern English Lexicology现代英语词汇学.合肥:安徽教育出版社Anhui Education Press.
Wang汪榕培,R.,& Li李冬,D.(1983).实用英语词汇学A Practical English Lexicology.辽宁沈阳Shenyang,Liaoning,China:辽宁人民出版社Liaoning People's Publishing House.
Lu陆国强,G.(1983).现代英语词汇学Modern English Lexicology.中国上海Shanghai,China:上海外语教育出版社Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Zhang张伯隶,B.,Shi施大鹏,D.,& Lin林志诚,Z.(1982).英语分解式词汇表.中国北京Beijing,China:商务印书馆the Commercial Press.
Rayevskaya,N.M.(1962-57).英语词汇学引论English Lexicology (天津师范大学外语系英语教研室,Trans.).中国北京Beijing,China; Kiev:商务印书馆The Commercial Press; Kiev State University Publishing House.
Templeton,S.(2009).Building Vocabulary and Spelling Skills.
Lewis,N.(1979).Word Power Made Easy:the Complete Handbook for Building a Superior Vocabulary (Expanded and completely rev.ed.).New York,NY:Pocket Books.
等等.祝进步.
