1．宾语：是及物动词所涉及的对象,一般由名词、代词、不定式及动名词等充当.如：
He is doing his homework．（名词）
They did nothing this morning．（代词）
She wants to go home．（不定式）
We enjoy playing football．（动名词）
【注意】①有的动词可接双宾语,间接宾语指人,直接宾语指物.这类动词常见的有：give,buy,lend,pass,tell,leave等.如：
He bought me a book．
Pass me the ball,will you?（间宾＋直宾）
直接宾语一般放在间接宾语之后,但若把直接宾语放在前面,则要在间接宾语前加适当的介词如to或 for等.如：
Han Chen lent some money to Li Hai．（直宾＋间宾）
Xiao Liu bought a dictionary for Tom．（直宾＋间宾）
②有的动词常用不定式作宾语,而不能用动名词.这类动词有：want,wish,hope,promise,decide,agree,choose,care等.如：
I hope to see you again．
③有的动词一般只用动名词作宾语,而不用不定式.这类动词有：enjoy,finish,mind,practise,miss,suggest,keep（on）等.如：
Do you mind my opening the window?
④有的动词后接不定式与动名词含义不同.
a）forget to do表示“未发生的动作”,forget doing表示“已完成的动作”.如：
Don't forget to come here earlier tomorrow．（还没来）
I forgot returning the book to him．（书已还给他了）
b）stop to do（不定式为状语）表示“停下
原来的事,去做另一件事”,stop doing表示“停止做某事”.如：
I stopped to talk with him．（我停下来与他谈话.）
The students stopped talking when the teacher came in．（老师进来时学生们停止谈话.）
2．定语：用于修饰名词或代词,一般由形容词、名词、数词、不定式等充当.如：
What a beautiful kite it is!（形容词）
She is a chemistry teacher．（名词）
There are two students in the classroom．（数词）
We have something to do tomorrow．（不定式）
The man in blue is my brother．（介词短语）
【注意】定语一般位于被修饰词之前,但若修饰不定代词或不定式等短语作定语,则放在后面.
3．宾语补足语：用于补充说明宾语的动作,一般位于宾语之后,宾语与宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语.需接复合宾语的动词有：tell,let,help,teach,ask,see,have
I told you not to go there alone.
Let me help you.
不定式作宾补.
I saw him playing outside just now.现在分词作宾补.
有问题可以hi我.
