元音字母a e i/y o u元音字组ar er ir or ur are ere ire ore ure ai/ay air al au/aw ea ear ee eer ei/ey eu/ew ie oa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow our ui 辅音字母b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w- x y- z
辅音字组ch -ck -dge dr- -ds gh gu- kn- -mn ng ph qu- sh -tch th tr- -ts wh- wr-
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
在开音节中
[ei]
name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中
[æ]
bag dad hat map black back
e
在开音节中
[i:]
he these me Chinese
在闭音节中
[e]
bed let pen desk yes egg
i
在开音节中
[ai]
bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中
[i]
fish big drink sit milk swim
o
在开音节中
[ou]
those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中
[ ]
clock not box shop sock
u
在开音节中
[ju:]
student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中
[ ]
bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如：June blue ruler super
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
[ ]
China another woman breakfast
[i]
orange comrade village cabbage
e
[ ]
hundred student open moment
[i]
chicken pocket begin children
i
[ ]/[i]
holiday beautiful family animal
[ai]
exercise satellite
o
[ ]
second tonight somebody welcome
[ u]
also zero photo
u
[ ]
autumn difficult
[ju(:)]
popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如：operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如：July influence February issue
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a在[w]音后面
[ ]
want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[α:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai]
find child light high
o在-st -ld前
[ou]
most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前
[ ]
come monkey love mother
元音字组
读 音
例 词
ar
ar在[w]音后面
[α:]
car farm dark sharpener
[ :]
warm quarter towards
or
or在[w]音后面
[ :]
forty morning short
[ :]
word worker worse
er ir ur
[ :]
certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如：carry berry mirror sorry hurry
-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[ ]音,例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday
元音字组
读 音
例 词
are
[ε ]
care dare hare
ere
[i ]
here mere
ire
[ai ]
fire hire wire
ore
[ :]
more score before
ure
[ju ]
pure cure
完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音,例如：picture pleasure
非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[ r]音,例如：salary
重读音节中元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体,按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读[r]音.
例如：parent zero inspiring story during
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.
例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit
