君主制是当今世界最古老的政府体制.自从1952年就位以来,伊丽莎白女王二世一直是英国的首脑,她也是埃格伯特国王的直系后裔.在其执政期间,埃格伯特国王于公元829年统一了英国.在议会制诞生之前,君主制就已经在英国存在了数百年,期间仅仅中断过一次,那是在1649年至1660年,当时英国采用了共和国的体制.数百年以来,君主的绝对权力遭到不断的侵蚀和削弱,尽管如此,作为宪法意义上的国家元首,君主仍然保留了重要的象征意义.
在过去的几百年中,在位君王的个性特征对国家事务产生了重要的影响.公元九世纪末,西萨克斯的阿尔弗雷德国王击败了由丹麦国王古德龙率领的入侵者,并使丹麦国王转化为基督徒,从而使英国的政治版图发生了重大的变化,并为统一英国盎格鲁－撒克逊种族奠定了基础.
多年之后,国王亨利八世的统治引发了重大的社会变革.为了实现其建立王朝的目的,亨利八世对教会进行了改革,这为以后新教和天主教之间的分歧埋下了火种,并增强了议会的权力.在亨利八世在位期间,贵族的经济实力得以加强,这为他们在其后的都铎王朝进行内部斗争奠定了经济基础.在十六世纪后半期,面对国内外多重危机,执政的伊丽莎白一世向世人证明自己是一名精明强干、坚决果断的政治领袖.到了十九世纪,在维多利亚女王统治期间,英国再次进入了重大的社会和政治变革时期,并由此奠定并发展了大英帝国在世界上的地位和影响力.与此同时,维多利亚女王的丈夫埃尔伯特王子在维多利亚女王漫长的统治期间（从1837年到1901年）积极鼓励艺术、科学和工业的发展,对英国社会的发展同样产生了深刻的影响.
2002年英国庆祝了伊丽莎白女王二世执政五十年的金色庆典.在此期间,尽管英国乃至全世界都发生了巨大的社会和技术变革,伊丽莎白女王二世一直是英国社会坚定不移的掌舵人,成为公众服务、公共职责等传统价值观的神圣代表.
The monarchy is the world's oldest system of government.Has been in place since 1952,Queen Elizabeth II of Britain has been the summit,she is also a direct descendant of King Egbert.In his ruling,King Egbert in 829 AD in a unified Britain.In the parliamentary system prior to the birth,on the monarchy in Britain has existed for hundreds of years,during which only stopped once,in 1649-1660,when Britain adopted the system of the Republic.For centuries,the monarchy's absolute power has been continuously eroded and undermined Nevertheless,the sense of the Constitution as head of state,the monarch still retains an important symbolic significance.
Over the past several hundred years,the reign of King on the personality characteristics of state affairs had a significant impact.Nine Year end of the century,King Alfred's Xisakesi beat Denmark by King Long Good led invaders,and Denmark's King Christian into,so that Britain's political map has undergone major changes,and Britain reunification of the Anglo - Saxon race laid the foundation.
Years after King Henry VIII's rule led to significant social change.In order to achieve its objective of the establishment of the dynasty,Henry VIII of the reformed church,which after Protestant and Catholic differences between the fire laid,and strengthened the powers of Parliament.In the reign of Henry VIII,the aristocracy's economic strength is enhanced,which in subsequent Tudor internal struggle laid the foundation for the economy.In the second half of the sixteenth century,in the face of multiple crises at home and abroad,the ruling Elizabeth I proved to the world that he is a highly qualified,determined,resourceful and political leaders.In the nineteenth century,Queen Victoria in the rule,the United Kingdom on re-entry into the major social and political transformation period,and thus laid and the development of the British Empire in the world and influence.At the same time,Queen Victoria's husband Prince Elbert in Queen Victoria's long reign (from 1837 to 1901) to encourage the arts,science and industry,the British social development also had a profound impact.
Britain in 2002 to celebrate the Queen Elizabeth II's golden celebration of 50 years in power.During this period,even though both Britain and the world has undergone tremendous social and technological change,Queen Elizabeth II has been the firm at the helm of British society,public services,public functions,and so on behalf of the sanctity of traditional values.
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