石油资源分布
石油是存在于地下的一种液态、气态或固态的复杂烃类化合物,主要是烷烃,也有苯环烃和环烷.石油的成分随地区而异,一般含碳84%、氢11%-14%；另外含少量氧、氮和硫等；灰分含量低,约0.05%.石油是由古地质年代有机物质（主要是单细胞植物,如蓝-绿海藻类；单细胞动物,如有孔虫类）沉积后,经过长期物理、化学变化而生成.
根据1993年全国油气资源评价,中国陆上和沿海大陆架沉积盆地总面积约550万km2,石油总资源量940亿t.中国石油资源以陆相油藏为主,含油气盆地分为3个基本类型：东部拉张型盆地、中部过渡型盆地、西部挤压型盆地.全国分为6个含油气区：东部,主要包括东北和华北地区；中部,主要包括陕、甘、宁和四川地区；西部,主要包括新疆、青海和甘肃西部地区；南部,包括苏、浙、皖、闽、粤、湘、赣、滇、黔、桂10省区；西藏区,包括昆仑山脉以南,横断山脉以西的地区；海上含油气区,包括东南沿海大陆架及南海海域.中国石油资源的勘探程度还很低,勘探领域主要是陆相地层.
据美国《油气杂志》的资料,1996年底中国石油探明储量约32.87亿t,居世界第九位.中国石油探明储量随石油地质勘探工作的发展而增加.1949年石油地质储量为0.29亿t,产量为12万t；1959年9月发现大庆油田,1961年石油地质储量达到26亿t；1978年中国石油产量突破1亿t,地质储量达到68.1亿t；1985年石油产量为1.249亿t,地质储量达到116亿t.1990年中国石油产量为1.383亿t,居世界第5位.
Distribution of oil resources
Oil is found in the ground floor of a liquid,solid or gaseous complex hydrocarbon compounds,primarily alkanes,but also hydrocarbons and benzene ring n-ring.With oil in the ingredients will vary,generally 84 percent of carbon,hydrogen 11% -14% while containing a small amount of oxygen,nitrogen and sulfur; low ash content,about 0.05 percent.Oil is from the age of the ancient organic materials (mainly single-celled plants,such as blue - green seaweed; single-cell animals,such as foraminifera) deposition,after a long-term physical and chemical changes in production.
According to the 1993 National Assessment of oil and gas resources,China's land-based continental shelf and coastal sedimentary basin total area of about 5.5 million km2,total oil resources of 94 billion t.China's oil resources to the main terrestrial reservoirs,oil and gas basins divided into three basic types:extension of the eastern basin,the transition of the central basin,the western basins squeeze.National Petroleum divided into six areas:the eastern,including the Northeast and North China; Central,including Shaanxi,Gansu,Sichuan and Nanjing area; west,including Xinjiang,Qinghai,Gansu and western regions; south,including the Soviet Union,Zhejiang,Anhui,Fujian,Guangdong,Hunan,Jiangxi,Yunnan,Guizhou and Guangxi 10 provinces,autonomous regions,Tibet,including the south of the Kunlun Mountains,west of the Hengduan Mountains region; sea oil and gas,including the southeast coast and the South China Sea continental shelf.China's oil resources is also very low level of prospecting,exploration is mainly continental strata.
According to the U.S."Oil and Gas Journal",the end of 1996 China's oil proven reserves of about 3.287 billion t,ninth in the world.China's proven oil reserves of petroleum geological prospecting work with the development of the increase.1949 geological oil reserves of 029 million t,production of 120,000 t; 1959年9月found in Daqing Oilfield,1961 geological oil reserves of 2.6 billion t; 1978 oil production in China exceed 100 million t,geological reserves reached 6.81 billion t ; 1985 oil production to 124.9 million t,geological reserves reached 11.6 billion t.1990 China's oil output was 138.3 million t,the world No.5.
