自恋狂:Narcissist
Narcissism
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This article is about narcissism as a word in common use.For narcissism in psychology,see Narcissism (psychology).
Narcissus,also known as the "Mazarini Hermaphroditus" or the "Genie of eternal rest".The statue is composed of an antique funeral bust and of an antique lower part,assembled in modern times.Marble,3rd century AD.Narcissism describes the character trait of self love,based on self-image or ego.
The word is derived from a Greek myth.Narcissus was a handsome Greek youth who rejected the desperate advances of the nymph Echo.As punishment,he was doomed to fall in love with his own reflection in a pool of water.Unable to consummate his love,Narcissus pined away and changed into the flower that bears his name,the narcissus.
In psychology and psychiatry,excessive narcissism is recognized as a severe personality dysfunction or personality disorder,most characteristically Narcissistic personality disorder,also referred to as NPD.
Sigmund Freud believed that some narcissism is an essential part of all of us from birth and was the first to use the term in the reference to psychology.
Andrew Morrison claims that,in adults,a reasonable amount of healthy narcissism allows the individual's perception of his needs to be balanced in relation to others.
The terms "narcissism","narcissistic" and "narcissist" are often used as pejoratives,denoting vanity,conceit,egotism or simple selfishness.Applied to a social group,it is sometimes used to denote elitism or an indifference to the plight of others.Arguably,however,these terms are used to draw parallels between allegations of self-centeredness and Narcissistic personality disorder,rather than toward healthy self-love.
