1.谓语是be的情况下用were、was: I am a student in XX university 我是XX大学的学生(现在时态);I was a student in XX university 我曾经是XX大学的学生(过去时态) 2.谓语是其他动词的否定句情况下用did: I study in XX university; I did not study in XX university. 3.谓语是其他动词的强调句情况下用did: I do understand it 我确实明白了;I did understand it 我过去确实明白了.