代词it,one,that,the one用法的区别（高中英语语法）

it代表已知的一个物体,特制这个.例如：This dog is clever,I want it.
one代表某"一个"已知的物体,但是并不特制.例如：These dogs are clever,I want one.
that代表那一个,或者是与之前相对的另一个.例如：This dog is clever,but I prefer that dog.
the one代表特制的某一个物体.一般情况下需跟相对应的定语.例如：These dogs are all clever,but I want the one which is white.