会计中公允价值的危机：对于近期争论的理解
Abstract:
The recent financial crisis has led to a vigorous debate about the pros and cons of fair-value accounting (FVA).This debate presents a major challenge for FVA going forward and standard setters’ push to extend FVA into other areas.In this article,we highlight four important issues as an attempt to make sense of the debate.First,much of the controversy results from confusion about what is new and different about FVA.Second,while there are legitimate concerns about marking to market (or pure FVA) in times of financial crisis,it is less clear that these problems apply to FVA as stipulated by the accounting standards,be it IFRS or U.S.GAAP.Third,historical cost accounting (HCA) is unlikely to be the remedy.There are a number of concerns about HCA as well and these problems could be larger than those with FVA.Fourth,although it is difficult to fault the FVA standards per se,implementation issues are a potential concern,especially with respect to litigation.Finally,we identify several avenues for future research.
摘要：
当前经济危机导致了一个关于会计公允价值（FVA）优缺点的激烈的争论.这个争论呈现了一个主要的挑战为了FVA的发展和标准制定者对FVA在其他领域的扩展.在这篇文章中,我们聚焦在4个重要的问题上作为对这个争论理解的尝试.第一,大部分的争论是由对于FVA的革新而后不同引起的；第二,一方面是有关于调整至市场价在金融危机时的合法的顾虑,另一方面因为对于会计准则制定所引起的关于FVA的这些问题是很不清楚的,参照IFRS或者美国的GAAP.第三,历史成本会计（HCA）是不可能被矫正的.同样有一定数量的关于HCA的顾虑,并且这些问题可能被扩大化更胜于FVA.第四,尽管很难挑剔FVA标准本身,但是执行的问题是一个潜在的使人担心的事,特别是关于诉讼方面.最后,我们一致达成了几项关于未来研究的看法.
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