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In addition,element V can make the solid solubility of carbon in austenite decrease,which increases the instability of austenite and make the Ms temperature rise,and further increase the tendency of martensite formation.Moreover,the morphology and distribution of carbides are improved,and the carbides become finer and uniform.The metallographic microstructures of the iron modified with 0% RE,0% V,0.3% Ti and 0% B,and 0% RE,0.4% V,0.3% Ti and 0.1% B are shown in Figs.1(e)
and 1(f).From Figs.1(e) and 1(f),it can be seen that the microstructure of high chromium cast iron is refined when B is added.According to the Fe-C phase diagram,the melting point is decreased because of the addition of B.Therefore,the number of carbide increases,and a lot of carbides containing
chromium are formed,which makes the content of Cr in austenite decrease and the Ms temperature rise.The instability of austenite decreases,and the formation of martensite becomes easer in the as-cast condition.A lot of carbides such as M7(C,B)3,M3(B,C),M23(B,C)6,and (Fe,Cr)B appear when B is added.The hardness of the material increases obviously because of solid solution strengthening of B.
In addition,element V can make the solid solubility of carbon in austenite decrease,which increases the instability of austenite and make the Ms temperature rise,and further increase the tendency of martensite formation.Moreover,the morphology and distribution of carbides are improved,and the carbides become finer and uniform.The metallographic microstructures of the iron modified with 0% RE,0% V,0.3% Ti and 0% B,and 0% RE,0.4% V,0.3% Ti and 0.1% B are shown in Figs.1(e)
and 1(f).From Figs.1(e) and 1(f),it can be seen that the microstructure of high chromium cast iron is refined when B is added.According to the Fe-C phase diagram,the melting point is decreased because of the addition of B.Therefore,the number of carbide increases,and a lot of carbides containing
chromium are formed,which makes the content of Cr in austenite decrease and the Ms temperature rise.The instability of austenite decreases,and the formation of martensite becomes easer in the as-cast condition.A lot of carbides such as M7(C,B)3,M3(B,C),M23(B,C)6,and (Fe,Cr)B appear when B is added.The hardness of the material increases obviously because of solid solution strengthening of B.
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