1.talk 意为“谈话、讲话”,如果只有一方对另一方说话时,一般用 talk to；如果双方或多方交谈,多用 with.如：
Please talk to him right now.请立即同他谈话.
He is talking with his friend.他在和朋友交谈.
talk about 意为“谈论.”.如：
They are talking about the movie.他们在谈论那部电影.
have a talk with 意为“与.交谈”.如：
Can I have a talk with you?我可以和你交谈吗?
4.say 意为“说”.如：
Can you say it in English once more?你能用英语再说一遍吗?
say to 意为“对.说”.如：
He said to his students that they would have a test.
他对他的学生说他们将有一个测试.
It is said that...意为“据说”.如：
It is said that he could stay under the water for a long time.
据说他能呆在水里很长时间.
2.2.speak 意为“说话、讲话”,后面主要接语言.如：
He can speak English and a little Chinese.
他能讲英语和一点汉语.
speak to 意为“和.讲话、谈话”.如：
Can I speak to Mr Zhang?
我能和张先生讲话吗?
speak of 意为“提到、说起”.如：
The book speaks of my hometown.
那本书提到我的家乡.
