动词现在分词可以在句子中表伴随,作句子的状语.动词现在分词此时为非谓语动词形式.除现在分词外,还有过去分词表示伴随,作状语.
As I didn't receive any letter from him,I gave him a call.
-> Not receiving any letter from him,I gave him a call.
由于没有收到他的信,我给他打了电话.
If more attention was given,the trees could have grown better.
-> Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.
假如多给些照顾,那些树会长得更好.
典型例题
1）_____ some officials,Napoleon inspected his army.
A.Followed B.Followed by C.Being followed D.Having been followed
答案B.Napoleon 与follow 之间有被动的含义.being followed除表达被动之外,还有动作正在进行之意.followed by（被…跟随）.本题可改为：With some officials following,Napoleon inspected his army.
2）There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light.
A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed
答案B.由于声音在闪电后,因此为声跟随着光,声音为跟随的发出者,为主动.用现在分词.
3）_______,liquids can be changed into gases.
A.Heating B.To be heated C.Heated D.Heat
答案C.本题要选一分词作为状语.现在分词表主动,正在进行的；过去分词表被动的,已经完成的.对于液体来说是加热的受动者,是被动的,因而选C.它相当于一个状语从句 When it is heated,…
注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语.如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词.
(Being ) used for a long time,the book looks old.
由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧.
Using the book,I find it useful.
在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用.
