问题描述：
英语翻译
支撑剂就是在实施水力压裂工艺中,把地层压开裂缝后撤去外加压力,使裂缝不再重新闭合的一种固体颗粒.支撑剂被广泛用于石油开采中,其目的在于支撑剂在裂缝中沉积排列后支撑裂缝,增大孔隙度,提高渗透率,从而使液体在油层裂缝中有较高的流通性,增大油流通道及排油体积,减少油流的流动阻力,达到增产、增注的目的.
水力压裂技术已经成为油气井增产的主要措施,目前已广泛应用于各种油气田的开发,其中支撑剂作为水力压裂的重要部分,获得了许多突破,特别是进入低渗油气田开发时期,支撑剂性能的提高使水力压裂的增产效果大幅度提高.本文综述了国内外油气井水力压裂用支撑剂的发展状况,对现场应用的各种支撑剂进行了性能对比分析,就适应不同闭合压力地层用支撑剂提高导流能力的途径和选型进行了阐述,并提出了今后支撑剂发展趋势.
问题解答：
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proppant in the implementation of hydraulic fracturing in the opening crack formation pressure retreat to external pressure,so that cracks will not re - closing a solid particles.proppant is widely used for oil recovery,with the aim of supporting agent deposited in the cracks of Propping fractures after the arrangement,increase the porosity and improving permeability,so that the fluids in reservoir fracture high liquidity,increasing oil flow channel and its discharge volume,reduce the flow of oil flow resistance and reach output,aim of increasing injection.Hydraulic fracturing technology has become the major measures of oil and gas well production has been widely used in various oil and gas field development,as an important part of hydraulic fracturing proppant and won many breakthroughs,especially in low permeability oil - gas field development period,supporting agent for improving the performance of hydraulic fracturing effect a substantial increase.This article provides an overview of domestic and foreign oil and gas well hydraulic fracturing with proppant development,a performance to field applications of proppant comparative analysis to adapt to different Close pressures of formation of proppant enhancing the ability of diversion channels and selection on,and put forward proppant in the future trends.
