问题描述：
英语翻译
Arbitrage---The purchase of a currency in the monetary center where it is cheaper for immediate resale in the monetary center where it is more expensive in order to make a profit.
Autonomous transactions----International transactions that take place for business or profit motives(expect for unilateral transfers)and independently of balance-of payments considerations;also called above-the-line items.
Dumping----The export of a commodity at below cost or at a lower price than sold domestically.
Law of one price---The proposition that in the absence of transportation costs,tariffs,and other abstruction to the free flow of trade,the price of each homogeneous(identical)traded commodity willbe equalized in all markets by commodity arbitrage.
Increasing returns to scale----The production situation where output grows proportionately more than the increase in inputs or factors of production.For example,doubling all inputr more than doubles output.
Relative purchasing-power parity theory---Postulates that the change in the exchange rate over a period of time should be proportional to the relative change in the price levels in the two nations.This version of the PPP theory has some value.
Speulation---The acceptance of a foreign exchange risk,or open position,in the hope of making a profit.
Terms of trade----The ratio of the index price of a nation's expory to its import commodities.
Arbitrage---The purchase of a currency in the monetary center where it is cheaper for immediate resale in the monetary center where it is more expensive in order to make a profit.
Autonomous transactions----International transactions that take place for business or profit motives(expect for unilateral transfers)and independently of balance-of payments considerations;also called above-the-line items.
Dumping----The export of a commodity at below cost or at a lower price than sold domestically.
Law of one price---The proposition that in the absence of transportation costs,tariffs,and other abstruction to the free flow of trade,the price of each homogeneous(identical)traded commodity willbe equalized in all markets by commodity arbitrage.
Increasing returns to scale----The production situation where output grows proportionately more than the increase in inputs or factors of production.For example,doubling all inputr more than doubles output.
Relative purchasing-power parity theory---Postulates that the change in the exchange rate over a period of time should be proportional to the relative change in the price levels in the two nations.This version of the PPP theory has some value.
Speulation---The acceptance of a foreign exchange risk,or open position,in the hope of making a profit.
Terms of trade----The ratio of the index price of a nation's expory to its import commodities.
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