问题描述：
英语翻译
Not only can non-expert social groups and individuals assign different values to environmental metal changes,but those preparing EISs.also,may act in this manner.For examples,the scope of EIS prepared by the regional office of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for a proposed wastewater treatment plant in Wyowing,reflected the values of EPA whereas a different site was favored by the council of the local community requiring the treatment plant.
The EIS was,therefore,a component of a political [process revolving round the proposed plant.It was subject to the value choices of the EPA Staffordshire,who ensured that the EIS considered the impacts of included urbanization,thought to be harmful by EPA staff in many different ways.The impact of the expected urbanization was divided into a number of separate impacts; For example,loss of agricultural productivity,induced development costly,growth inducement and adherence to existing planning pleases.These separate impacts were all different forms of expressing the same general impact.A scoring system was used to compare these impacts for the alternative sites .Each individual form of the general impact scored used in EISs to further political end.This is EISs,like many other,suspect,was not a purely technical,scientifically“objective”document.
Another characteristic of this social aspect of “impact” is the time element.As techniques develop and more is understood of the relationship between environmental,social and health factors and health factors and their combined influence on individual well-being,“new”impact may be recognized.Therefore,improved knowledge of causal relations between development and activity environmental/social change leads to public recognition of impacts which were previously unsuspected.
This attempt to show the socio-political dimension of EIA is not new.Many working in EIA will consider the argument unoriginal both theoretically and practically.However,the significance of this aspect of EIA methods.For examples,many Weiss describe,in considerable technical detail,the likely concentration of differing air or water pollutants at various location relative to the sources of emission,but fail to relate these environmental changes,which area,in themselves,neither good or bade,to the interests and concerns of those groups which may use (economically,aesthetically,symbolically or by recreation) the resource being affected,Environmental changes are not converted into impacts and described in terms of their consequence for people This cannot be done for all change.Something,for examples ecological changes,may affect only specialized social groups such as scientists and may only be considered impacts by such groups.An attempt should be made to trace all changes to social interests and how they will be affected.
Not only can non-expert social groups and individuals assign different values to environmental metal changes,but those preparing EISs.also,may act in this manner.For examples,the scope of EIS prepared by the regional office of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for a proposed wastewater treatment plant in Wyowing,reflected the values of EPA whereas a different site was favored by the council of the local community requiring the treatment plant.
The EIS was,therefore,a component of a political [process revolving round the proposed plant.It was subject to the value choices of the EPA Staffordshire,who ensured that the EIS considered the impacts of included urbanization,thought to be harmful by EPA staff in many different ways.The impact of the expected urbanization was divided into a number of separate impacts; For example,loss of agricultural productivity,induced development costly,growth inducement and adherence to existing planning pleases.These separate impacts were all different forms of expressing the same general impact.A scoring system was used to compare these impacts for the alternative sites .Each individual form of the general impact scored used in EISs to further political end.This is EISs,like many other,suspect,was not a purely technical,scientifically“objective”document.
Another characteristic of this social aspect of “impact” is the time element.As techniques develop and more is understood of the relationship between environmental,social and health factors and health factors and their combined influence on individual well-being,“new”impact may be recognized.Therefore,improved knowledge of causal relations between development and activity environmental/social change leads to public recognition of impacts which were previously unsuspected.
This attempt to show the socio-political dimension of EIA is not new.Many working in EIA will consider the argument unoriginal both theoretically and practically.However,the significance of this aspect of EIA methods.For examples,many Weiss describe,in considerable technical detail,the likely concentration of differing air or water pollutants at various location relative to the sources of emission,but fail to relate these environmental changes,which area,in themselves,neither good or bade,to the interests and concerns of those groups which may use (economically,aesthetically,symbolically or by recreation) the resource being affected,Environmental changes are not converted into impacts and described in terms of their consequence for people This cannot be done for all change.Something,for examples ecological changes,may affect only specialized social groups such as scientists and may only be considered impacts by such groups.An attempt should be made to trace all changes to social interests and how they will be affected.
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