英语翻译Abstract It is well known that help prompts shape howuse

英语翻译
Abstract It is well known that help prompts shape how
users talk to spoken dialogue systems.This study investigated
the effect of help prompt placement on older users’
interaction with a smart home interface.In the dynamic
help condition,help was only given in response to system
errors; in the inherent help condition,it was also given at
the start of each task.Fifteen older and sixteen younger
users interacted with a smart home system using two different
scenarios.Each scenario consisted of several tasks.
The linguistic style users employed to communicate with
the system (interaction style) was measured using the ratio
of commands to the overall utterance length (keyword
ratio) and the percentage of content words in the user’s
utterance that could be understood by the system (shared
vocabulary).While the timing of help prompts did not
affect the interaction style of younger users,it was early
task-specific help supported older users in adapting their
interaction style to the system’s capabilities.Well-placed
help prompts can significantly increase the usability of
spoken dialogue systems for older people.
Keywords：Spoken dialogue systems ,Usability ,
Older adults ,Smart homes ,Help prompts
1 Introduction
Although spoken dialogue interfaces should be as intuitive
to use as possible,most users,and in particular novices,
still need explicit help with navigating the interaction.The
question remains when this help should be given.Do users
benefit from inherent help prompts,where guidance on
interacting with the system is given at the start of each
relevant interaction,or is it sufficient to provide help
prompts dynamically,i.e.,only when problems arise?In
voice interfaces,spoken help prompts fulfil two main
functions:
• Clarification of the Task Model:Help prompts can
explain the system’s model of the task,list the objects
that the system recognises,and describe what can be
done with them.
• Clarification of the Interaction Style:Help prompts
model how users need to speak so that the system can
understand them,and indicate which vocabulary should
be used and which syntactic structure the commands
should have.
机翻的就算了，至少要通顺。