现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或影响仍存在.现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. I have learned English for ten years. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中,谓语动词用现在完成时. in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等 考点四：表示“第几次做某事,”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 ＋that” 后面跟现在完成时. This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. That is the only book that he has written. 过去完成时 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”,句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语,这种时态从来不孤立使用 ( before, after, by, up till ) There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000. By the end of last term we had finished the book. They finished earlier than we had expected. 考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时. I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me. I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow. No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主谓倒装） 考点二：表示“第几次做某事”,主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时. That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather. It was 3 years since we had parted. 考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用 过去完成时,表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图. I had hoped that I could do the job. I had intended to see you but I was too busy.
