英文人物介绍求2个关于南北战争中著名人物的英文介绍(除了林肯总统).

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英文人物介绍
求2个关于南北战争中著名人物的英文介绍(除了林肯总统).
1个回答 分类:英语 2014-09-30

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Robert Edward Lee was born on January 19, 1807, at "Stratford" in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He was the fifth child born to Henry "Light-Horse Harry" Lee and his second wife, Ann Hill (Carter) Lee. He grew up in an area where George Washington was still a living memory. Robert had many ties to Revolutionary War heroes.
Educated in the Alexandria, Virginia, schools, he obtained appointment to West Point in 1825. In 1829, Robert E. Lee graduated second in the class without a single demerit against his name. He was commissioned a brevet 2nd Lieutenant of Engineers.
On June 30, 1831, he married Mary Ann Randolph Custis. They had seven children. All three of their sons served in the Confederate army. George Washington Custis and William Henry Fitzhugh ("Rooney") attained the rank of Major General and Robert E. Lee, Jr., that of Captain. The latter served as a private in the Rockbridge Artillery at the Battle of Antietam.
During the Mexican War, Robert E. Lee was promoted to Colonel due to his gallantry and distinguished conduct in performing vital scouting missions.
In 1852, he became Superintendent of the Military Academy. In 1855, Secretary of War Jefferson Davis transferred Lee from staff to line and was commissioned Lieutenant Colonel 2nd Cavalry. He was then sent to West Texas, where he served from 1857-1861. In February of 1861, General Winfield Scott recalled Lee from Texas when the lower South seceded from the Union.
Politically, Robert E. Lee was a Whig. Ironically, he was attached strongly to the Union and to the Constitution. He entertained no special sympathy for slavery.
When Virginia withdrew from the Union, Lee resigned his commission rather than assist in suppressing the insurrection. His resignation was two days following the offer of Chief of Command of U.S. forces under Scott. He then proceeded to Richmond to become Commander-in-Chief of the military and naval forces of Virginia. When these forces joined Confederate services, he was appointed Brig. Gen. in the Regular Confederate States.
Lee returned to Richmond in March of 1862 to become military advisor to President Davis. Whenever he had a plan, General Lee took the initiative and acted at once. Cutting off supplies and reinforcements executed by Jackson at Seven Pines was a successful Confederate venture. He also stopped McClellan's threat to Richmond during the Seven Days Battle (June 26-July 2, 1861). At the Battle of Second Manassas, Lee defeated Pope. At the Battle of Antietam, his Northern thrust was checked by McClellan; however, he repulsed Burnside at Fredericksburg in December of 1862. In May of 1863, Gen. Lee defeated Gen. Hooker at Chancellorsville, but was forced onto the strategic defensive after Gettysburg in July. On April 9, 1865, Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at the village of Appomattox Court House.
After the surrender, Lee returned to Richmond. He assumed the presidency of Washington College (now Washington and Lee University). His example of conduct for thousands of ex-Confederates made him a legend even before his death on October 12, 1870. General Robert E. Lee is buried at Lexington, Virginia.(美国内战期间南部同盟军著名将领.1829年毕业于美国陆军军官学校(西点军校).参加过美墨战争.1852~1855年任西点军校校长.曾参加对西部印第安人的作战.1859年10月率军镇压约翰·布朗起义.1861年4月内战爆发后,加入南部同盟军,在弗吉尼亚组建军队.次年3月任南部同盟“总统”军事顾问,不久兼任北弗吉尼亚军团司令,在东线采取以攻为守战略,以劣势兵力接连取得七日交战、第二次布尔河之战和钱瑟勒斯维尔之战的胜利.1863年7月在葛底斯堡之战中惨败.后率军转入防御,屡遭失败.1865年1月任南军总司令.4月9日率残部在阿波马托克斯向联邦军投降.作战指挥上强调主动进攻、突然袭击,但对敌情估计不足.战后曾任华盛顿—李学院院长,致力于教育事业.)
二谢尔曼,W.T.
英文: Sherman,William Te- cumseh
日期: 1820.2.8~1891.2.14
内容

美国内战时期联邦军著名将领,陆军上将.1840年毕业于美国陆军军官学校(西点军校).参加过1841~1842年对佛罗里达州印第安人的作战和美墨战争.1853年退役.1859年重返军界,任路易斯安那州军事学校校长.内战爆发后,历任联邦军团长、旅长、师长,参加布尔河、维克斯堡、查塔努加等作战.1864年3月任联邦军西战区司令,与U.S.格兰特共同制订东西战场协同作战、分割歼敌的计划.9月率部攻占战略要地亚特兰大.11月起率兵6.2万人深入南部同盟腹地佐治亚州,攻占萨凡纳,成功地实施了“向海洋进军”的作战方案.尔后挥师北上,配合格兰特围攻南军主力,迫其投降.在作战指挥上反对墨守成规,主张以连续进攻摧毁敌抵抗意志,善于以骑兵实施远程奔袭.1869年接替格兰特任陆军总司令,晋升为陆军上将.1884年2月退休.著有《美国内战回忆录》.William Tecumseh Sherman
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"General Sherman" redirects here. For other uses, see General Sherman (disambiguation).
William Tecumseh Sherman
February 8, 1820 – February 14, 1891 (aged 71)
Sherman as a major general in May 1865. The black ribbon of mourning on his left arm is for President Lincoln. Portrait by Mathew Brady.
Nickname Cump, Uncle Billy (by his troops)
Place of birth Lancaster, Ohio
Place of death New York City, New York
Place of burial St. Louis, Missouri
Allegiance United States of America
Service/branch United States Army
Union Army
Years of service 1840–53, 1861–84
Rank Major General (Civil War),
General of the Army of the United States (postbellum)
Commands held Army of the Tennessee (1863–64)
Military Division of the Mississippi (1864–65)
Commanding General of the United States Army (March 8, 1869 - November 1, 1883)
Battles/wars
American Civil War
First Battle of Bull Run
Battle of Shiloh
Vicksburg Campaign
Jackson Expedition
Chattanooga Campaign
Meridian Campaign
Atlanta Campaign
Savannah Campaign (March to the Sea)
Carolinas Campaign
Awards Thanks of Congress – 1864 and 1865
Other work Bank manager, lawyer, college superintendent, streetcar executive
William Tecumseh Sherman (February 8, 1820 – February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, educator and author. He served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–65), for which he received recognition for his outstanding command of military strategy as well as criticism for the harshness of the "scorched earth" policies that he implemented in conducting total war against the Confederate States.[1] Military historian B. H. Liddell Hart famously declared that Sherman was "the first modern general."[2]
Sherman served under General Ulysses S. Grant in 1862 and 1863 during the campaigns that led to the fall of the Confederate stronghold of Vicksburg on the Mississippi River and culminated with the routing of the Confederate armies in the state of Tennessee. In 1864, Sherman succeeded Grant as the Union commander in the western theater of the war. He proceeded to lead his troops to the capture of the city of Atlanta, a military success that contributed to the re-election of President Abraham Lincoln. Sherman's subsequent march through Georgia and the Carolinas further undermined the Confederacy's ability to continue fighting. He accepted the surrender of all the Confederate armies in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida in April 1865.
When Grant assumed the U.S. presidency in 1869, Sherman succeeded him as Commanding General of the Army (1869–83). As such, he was responsible for the U.S. Army conduct in the Indian Wars over the next 15 years, in the western United States. He steadfastly refused to be drawn into politics and in 1875 published his Memoirs, one of the best-known firsthand accounts of the Civil War.
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