问题描述：
sony和panasonic公司的英文介绍,发展史,企业文化,财务信息等,越全越好,要求英文.
问题解答：
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索尼
In 1945,after World War II,Masaru Ibuka started a radio repair shop in a bombed-out building in Tokyo.[4] The next year he was joined by his colleague Akio Morita,and they founded a company called Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo K.K.[5],which translates in English to Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation.The company built Japan's first tape recorder called the Type-G.[6]
In the early 1950s,Ibuka traveled in the United States and heard about Bell Labs' invention of the transistor.[7] He convinced Bell to license the transistor technology to his Japanese company.While most American companies were researching the transistor for its military applications,Ibuka looked to apply it to communications.While the American companies Regency and Texas Instruments built transistor radios first,it was Ibuka's company that made the first commercially successful transistor radios.
In August 1955,Sony produced its first coat-pocket sized transistor radio they registered as the TR-55 model.[8] In 1956,Sony reportedly manufactured about 40,000 of its Model TR-72 box-like portable transistor radios and exported the model to North America,the Netherlands and Germany.
That same year they made the TR-6,a coat pocket radio which was used by the company to create its "SONY boy" advertising character.[9] The following year,1957,Sony came out with the TR-63 model,then the smallest (112 × 71 × 32 mm) transistor radio in commercial production.It was a worldwide commercial success.[10]
University of Arizona professor Michael Brian Schiffer,Ph.D.,says,"Sony was not first,but its transistor radio was the most successful.The TR-63 of 1957 cracked open the U.S.market and launched the new industry of consumer microelectronics." By the mid 1950s,American teens had begun buying portable transistor radios in huge numbers,helping to propel the fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958.However,this huge growth in portable transistor radio sales that saw Sony rise to be the dominant player in the consumer electronics field[11] was not because of the consumers who had bought the earlier generation of tube radio consoles,but was driven by a distinctly new American phenomenon at the time called Rock and Roll.
松下
The brand Panasonic was created by Matsushita in 1955 for the US,Canada and Mexico because the National brand was already registered by others.[1][2] The Panasonic brand was created from the elements "pan" meaning "all" combined with "sonic" meaning "sound",because it was first used for audio equipment.
Based on 2004 annual sales of electronics,Matsushita is the largest Japanese electronics maker ahead of Hitachi.Within the category of white goods,Matsushita is the world’s largest manufacturer.[citation needed] In the past,due to its imitation tactics Matsushita has been ridiculed in Japan as "Maneshita" ("mane" means imitation),but in fact Matsushita does vast amounts of its own product planning,research and development.
Including its related companies,Matsushita has developed a wide variety of enterprises,centering on home electronics,industrial equipment,and telecommunications equipment.Though not widely advertised before,in recent years its notebook computer line (Toughbook) has gained popularity and commercials for it are being aired on television.Other brand names associated with Panasonic include its Viera televisions and Lumix digital cameras.
The company's management style and corporate culture have been often compared to that of competitor Sony.When Sony is doing well,the number of books that praise Sony management increases,when conditions reverse,then more books that praise Panasonic management style are displayed in bookstores.Regardless of favorable sales and conditions,Sony and Panasonic are often viewed as rivals.This view probably arose from the videotape format wars between VHS (supported by Panasonic) and Betamax (supported by Sony)[citation needed].The largest direct competition between Sony and Panasonic is currently in the segment of audio products; Panasonic is also considered as Sony’s rival in sales of flat panel TVs,digital cameras and DVD recorders – areas where Panasonic is focusing its production,marketing and sales efforts.In contrast,Sony has recently diversified into the cinema,video game,and financial areas,whereas Panasonic's whitegoods have no competition from Sony.
Matsushita's current corporate strategy is to seek cooperation and joint ventures in the development of certain technologies (such as LCD displays),while continuing to compete against other companies such as Toshiba,Hitachi and Minebea to become the benchmark for Japanese electronics.
In 1945,after World War II,Masaru Ibuka started a radio repair shop in a bombed-out building in Tokyo.[4] The next year he was joined by his colleague Akio Morita,and they founded a company called Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo K.K.[5],which translates in English to Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation.The company built Japan's first tape recorder called the Type-G.[6]
In the early 1950s,Ibuka traveled in the United States and heard about Bell Labs' invention of the transistor.[7] He convinced Bell to license the transistor technology to his Japanese company.While most American companies were researching the transistor for its military applications,Ibuka looked to apply it to communications.While the American companies Regency and Texas Instruments built transistor radios first,it was Ibuka's company that made the first commercially successful transistor radios.
In August 1955,Sony produced its first coat-pocket sized transistor radio they registered as the TR-55 model.[8] In 1956,Sony reportedly manufactured about 40,000 of its Model TR-72 box-like portable transistor radios and exported the model to North America,the Netherlands and Germany.
That same year they made the TR-6,a coat pocket radio which was used by the company to create its "SONY boy" advertising character.[9] The following year,1957,Sony came out with the TR-63 model,then the smallest (112 × 71 × 32 mm) transistor radio in commercial production.It was a worldwide commercial success.[10]
University of Arizona professor Michael Brian Schiffer,Ph.D.,says,"Sony was not first,but its transistor radio was the most successful.The TR-63 of 1957 cracked open the U.S.market and launched the new industry of consumer microelectronics." By the mid 1950s,American teens had begun buying portable transistor radios in huge numbers,helping to propel the fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958.However,this huge growth in portable transistor radio sales that saw Sony rise to be the dominant player in the consumer electronics field[11] was not because of the consumers who had bought the earlier generation of tube radio consoles,but was driven by a distinctly new American phenomenon at the time called Rock and Roll.
松下
The brand Panasonic was created by Matsushita in 1955 for the US,Canada and Mexico because the National brand was already registered by others.[1][2] The Panasonic brand was created from the elements "pan" meaning "all" combined with "sonic" meaning "sound",because it was first used for audio equipment.
Based on 2004 annual sales of electronics,Matsushita is the largest Japanese electronics maker ahead of Hitachi.Within the category of white goods,Matsushita is the world’s largest manufacturer.[citation needed] In the past,due to its imitation tactics Matsushita has been ridiculed in Japan as "Maneshita" ("mane" means imitation),but in fact Matsushita does vast amounts of its own product planning,research and development.
Including its related companies,Matsushita has developed a wide variety of enterprises,centering on home electronics,industrial equipment,and telecommunications equipment.Though not widely advertised before,in recent years its notebook computer line (Toughbook) has gained popularity and commercials for it are being aired on television.Other brand names associated with Panasonic include its Viera televisions and Lumix digital cameras.
The company's management style and corporate culture have been often compared to that of competitor Sony.When Sony is doing well,the number of books that praise Sony management increases,when conditions reverse,then more books that praise Panasonic management style are displayed in bookstores.Regardless of favorable sales and conditions,Sony and Panasonic are often viewed as rivals.This view probably arose from the videotape format wars between VHS (supported by Panasonic) and Betamax (supported by Sony)[citation needed].The largest direct competition between Sony and Panasonic is currently in the segment of audio products; Panasonic is also considered as Sony’s rival in sales of flat panel TVs,digital cameras and DVD recorders – areas where Panasonic is focusing its production,marketing and sales efforts.In contrast,Sony has recently diversified into the cinema,video game,and financial areas,whereas Panasonic's whitegoods have no competition from Sony.
Matsushita's current corporate strategy is to seek cooperation and joint ventures in the development of certain technologies (such as LCD displays),while continuing to compete against other companies such as Toshiba,Hitachi and Minebea to become the benchmark for Japanese electronics.
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