问题描述：
高中英语语法：There is no limit.(有两种句型,一个是加to sth,还有一种是什么)
more than one car,后面的be动词是用单数还是复数、
we know nothing about the newcomer______he is abroad for more than 5 years
A.besides B.except C.exceot that D.except for
选什么啊,最好说一下选哪一个的原因
那其他三个选项要怎么用啊
more than one car,后面的be动词是用单数还是复数、
we know nothing about the newcomer______he is abroad for more than 5 years
A.besides B.except C.exceot that D.except for
选什么啊,最好说一下选哪一个的原因
那其他三个选项要怎么用啊
问题解答：
我来补答
1. “more than one + 单数名词”虽有复数概念,但习惯上用单数动词.
2. C.except that
except可以跟从句.
except + 从句
He cannot hide his feelings, except when the waiters ask if everything is all right.
除了在服务生问他是否觉得不舒服时之外,他无法掩藏自己的感觉. （P24）
本句中含有介词except + when引导的从句作状语,很多同学对此不理解,其实except除了接名词、代词、介词短语、动词不定式外,还可接从句.如：
1. Everybody except John looks down upon me.
除了约翰外别人都看不起我.
2. I looked everywhere except in the bedroom.
除了卧室外,别的地方我都找过了.
3. I know nothing about him except that he lives nearby.
除了知道他住在附近外,我对他一无所知.
4. It had no effect except to make him angry.
除了惹他生气外,没有任何结果.
“more than one + 单数名词”虽有复数概念,但习惯上用单数动词.
e.g.:More than one person is involved in this.
与此事有牵连的人不止一个.
类似的,“many a + 单数名词”也用单数动词.
e.g.:
Many a famous pop singer has been ruined by drugs.
很多著名的流行音乐歌手都因吸毒而毁了自己.
（1）英文中主要有这样一些不定代词：every, each, both, all, either, neither, one, none, litter, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no.另外还有由some, any, no和every构成的合成代词,如：somebody, anything, nothing等.
①both, either和neither
这三词都可以用来指两个人或两件事物,但各自的意义都不相同：both表示“两个都”、either表示“两个中的任何一个”、neither表示“两者都不……”.它们在句中都分别可以作主语、宾语、和定语,both还可以作同位语,如：
Neither of us could help laughing.
You may take either of the two books.
Both of the books are helpful.两本书都很有益.
Both of the books are not helpful.
并非两本书都很有益.Both用在含not的句中表示部分否定.
Neither可以表示全部否定.如：
Neither of the books are not helpful.
②all
在谈到三个或三个以上的人或事物时,或是不可数的事物时,我们都可以用all.它在句中可以充当主语、宾语、定语和同位语、表语,有时还可以作副词用.如：
This is all he knew about it.（作表语）
They were all covered with dust.(作副词)
All 用在含not 的句子中表示部分否定,none 可以表示全否定.如：
All of the answers are right. 所有的答案都是对的.
All of the answers are not right. 并非所有的答案都是对的.
Not all of the answers are right. 并非所有的答案都是对的.
None of the answers is/are right. 所有的答案都是不对的.
all 做主语时的谓语一致：all的单数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单数决定.如：
All goes well.
All the changes are welcomed by the people.
all还可以用在一些词组中,如：
all day 整天all night 整夜all this 所有这些
all the year round 整年all day long 一天到晚all the time 一直
③each 和every
each 和every 这两个词在中文里都有“每一个”的意思,但它们在句子里各自强调的侧重点却不同：every 从每个个体着眼而强调“整体”；而each 却是把一些东西一个一个地加以考虑,强调“各个”.every 只能作定语；each 则可以作主语,宾语,定语和同位语.另外,every 可用于【every other (或every+数词)＋名词】的结构中,表示“每隔……”.
如：every other day每隔一天every three years每隔三年
every third year每隔三年every other line 每隔一行
every ten miles 每隔十英里
each 后可以接“of ”介词短语,表示“某些人或物中的每一个”,every 后不可以接“of”介词短语,everyone可以直接做主语,后面不跟of,但是every one of的结构十存在的.
不可以说：The teacher gave every of us a gift.
可以说：The teacher gave each of us a gift.
不可以说：The teacher gave everyone of us a gift.
可以说：The teacher gave every one of us a gift.
each 用于做主语时,做单数对待.each 用于同位语时,谓语动词和主语保持一致.如：
Each of us knows the matter.
We each know the matter.
every 与not 连用,表示部分否定；each和not连用表示全部否定.如：
Every man is not honest. 并非每个人都真实.
Each man is not honest. 这儿每个人都不诚实.
④one与ones
代替前面刚提到的人或事物以避免重复,one用来代替可数名词,有复数形式ones,所有格one’s和反身代词oneself .ones可以指代具体的人或者具体的东西,还可以泛指所有的人.如：
This problem is a difficult one. 这个问题是个不好解决的问题.
I don’t like colored envelopes .I like white ones. 我不喜欢花信封,我喜欢白的.
This film is not as good as the one we saw last week. 这片子没有我们上周看的好.
Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.(泛指)谦虚使人进步,骄傲使人落后.
⑤some 与any
some 与any都相当于“一些”之意,但意思并不强,因此汉译时经常可省去“一些”这样的字眼.它们作定语时多,这时候some 多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句,疑问句或条件句.在表示请求,建议,反问或是希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,常用some而不用any.另外,some 可与数词连用,表示“大约”的意思.如：
Could you mind buying me some envelopes on your way to school?
你能在去上学的路上,帮我买几个信封吗?
Will you give me some paper? 请给我一点纸.
Some hundred teachers have moved into new houses. 约有百位教师搬进新居.
The bridge was built some two hundred years ago. 这座桥大约建于两百年前.
⑥few, a few; little, a little的用法
few 和a few以及little和a little是两组差异相同词,但前一组用于可数名词,而后一组却用于不可数名词；另外few与little都有“几乎没有”的否定意思,few用于可数名词,little用于不可数名词；a few与a little表示“几个或一点”的肯定意思,a few用于可数名词,a little用于不可数名词.
⑦other, the other, another, others, the others
Other不单独使用,其后一定出现名词,如：other people, other students. 当用于表示两个中的另一个时,用the other. The other既可单独使用,也可后接名词.当表示两个以上的人或物中其余的人或物时,用the others.当表示另外的,其他的人或物时用others.others后面不会出现名词,一般单独使用.表示无范围的“另一”时用another.如：
I don’t like the red skirt. Will you please show me another one?
He had his papers in one hand, his hat in the other.
Eight of them are mine, the others are John’s.
Don’t speak ill of others behind them.
another +数词＋名词＝数词+more +名词,表示“再……”“另外……”.如：
I want to buy another two books. =I want to buy two more books.
Some…some…others…表示“一些,一些,另一些.”
the other ＝the rest “其余的”
the rest of…也可以表示“其余的……”可接复数名词,也可接不可数名词.如：
the rest of the workers the rest of the money
⑧all/whole
两者都表示“全部”“整个”.他们的区别在于：all可接复数可数名词和不可数名词,而whole一般接单数可数名词.All可用于冠词或其他限定词前,而whole只用于冠词之后.如：
The whole book is interesting.
All the chapters are interesting.
⑨anyone/any one; no one/none/nothing
anyone 仅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物.none后跟of 短语,既可指人又可指物,而no one只单独使用,又指人.
none 作主语,谓语动词用单数,复数都可以,而no one作主语谓语动词只能时单数.如：
None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它.
⑩it, one, that
It 可指代可数名词和不可数名词.常常指代上文中“the+名词”或“物主代词+名词”
中的名词,表示同一件事物,it 代替的事物属于特指.它的副数形式是they 和them.如：The Parkers bought a new house but it need a lot of work before they can move in.
One 所表示的名词（可指人或物）和前面所提到的名词只是同一类中的任何一个,不
是指其中某一个.不能代替不可数名词.复数形式是ones.如：
I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have one.
That指代的也是同一类事物而不是同一个事物,但that代替的是有定冠词的名词,表
特指,它还可以代替不可数名词.用that来代替前面已出现的可数名词（that相当于the
One) 或不可数名词时,后面一定要跟修饰语,且that只能指物.如：
No bread eaten by man is so sweet as that earned by his own labor.
用于可数名词用语不可数名词
单数复数
none(of)指人或物
nobody指人,no one指人nothing指物
回答how many/much问句时,用none none(of)指人或物none(of)指人或物
no指人或物(=not a)
He is no fool.（他绝不是蠢人）No指人或物(=not any+名词复数) No other+名词复数No(=not any+不可数名词)
one(of)指人或物
one another Ones指人或物That指物
The weather here is better than that in Shanghai.
Half(of)指人或物Half(of)指人或物Half(of)指物
the other指人或物
the other+名词单数指人或物（和连用）（the）others指人或物
(the)other+名词复数,指人或物（和some连用）(the)other+不可数名词,指物（和some连用）
another指人或物
another+名词单数指人或物any others指人或物
some others指人或物________________
either(of)指人或物
neither(of)指人或物——————————————
————both(of）指人或物
可作同位语We are both students. _______________
each(of),each one, each other指两个或两个以上的人或物.侧重个体.可作同位语We gave them a present each. ————————————
every每一个（作定语）
every other day everybody(one)人
every one(of) 人或物指三个或三个以上的人和物.侧重全体.every two days -----------
------- few(具有否定意义) a few, quite a few a good few little (具有否定意义)
a little, a bit of
——————fewer(of),fewest(of) less(of), least(of)
--------- several(of)几个
some
someone something Some(of)
Some more(+名词复数) Some(of)
Some more(不可数名词)
——————many(of),more(of),most(of) much(of),more(of) most(of)
----------- Lots of许多, a lot(of)许多plenty of 很多,a great/good many numbers of a great/good/large number of大量的a quantity of, quantities of lots of许多,a lot(of)许多plenty of a很多a great/good deal/amount of大量的a quantity of, quantities of
any(of)指人或物anyone, anything 用于否定,疑问和条件句中any(of)指人和物any things any more any(of)指物any more
all(of)指人和物All is not gold that glisters all(of)指人和物可作同位语I know them all. We all know them well. all(of) I spent all of my on books
enough(of) 指人和物enough(of)指物
such 指人和物such 指人和物such 指物
the last + 名词单数,指人或物the last + 名词复数,指人或物
the next + 名词单数,指人或物the next + 名词复数,指人或物
6. 疑问代词
疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever等.疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句.
（1）which和what
which 用于哟眼一定选择范围的情况,what 用于无选择范围或究竟是什么还不清楚的情况.
Which color do you like best-green, red or white?
What color is her dress?
(2) 疑问代词用于对介词提问时,介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首.
For what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?
Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all way with you.
你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同.
7. 关系代词who(whom, whose), which和that 引导定语从句.当先行词为人或人格化的动物时.用who, whom, whose; 当先行词为无生命的东西时,用which, that, 适用于两种情况.关系代词的格取决于它在从句中的语法作用；关系代词如果在从句中作主语、表语,则用主格；如果作宾语则用宾语.如：
This is the athlete who everybody says will win the gold at Winter Olympic Games.这就是那位人人都说会在冬季奥林匹克运动会上获金牌的运动员.
The picture which has a house and flowers is the one I like best.
那张有房子和花的图画我最喜欢.
（1）不用that的情况
①在引导非限定性定语从句时
（错）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
②介词后不能用.
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which get our food from.
(2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
①在不定代词,如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that, 不用which.
②先行词有the only, the very 修饰时,只用that.
③先行词杯序数词,数词,形容词最高级修饰时,只用that.
④先行词既有人,又有物时.
如：
All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题.
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
那贼最终把透的全部东西交给了警察.
8.相互代词
表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other 和one another 两组.Each other用于两个人或事情之间,one another用于两个以上的人或事物之间,但在现代英语终,这种区别已经不怎么强烈了.如：
He put all the books beside each other/one another. 他把所有书并列摆放起来.
Usually these small groups were independent of each other.
这些小团体通常时相互独立的.
相互代词可加“－s”构成所有格.如：
The students borrowed each other’s notes. 学生们互借笔记.
【典型例题】
【例1】If one is not enough, take_______.
A. one B. other C. the other D. another
【答案】D
【解析】other不可以单独存在,后面必须出现名词.The other表示两者终的另一个.One的指代不清楚.another表示“另一个.”
【例2】Some students are playing basketball, _______are listening to the music.
A. another B. the other C. others D. other
【答案】C
【解析】the other表示两者终的另一个.another表示“另一个”.Other不可以单独存在,后面必须出现名词.Other表示“其余的”.
【例3】______of us like to play the game again.
A. A good many B. A lots C. Many a D. Many
【答案】D
【解析】a good many许多,用来修饰可数名词.不可以接of结构；a lot of/lots of 许多,用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词.
many a +可数名词单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,意义上相当于many+可数名词.
【例4】What would you like for breakfast? _______will do so long as it fills my stomach.
A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. Everything
【答案】A
【解析】so long as 只要.Anything will do=anything will be ok随便扫描都可以.
【例5】Which side shall I take hold of, this side or that side? You can take hold of _______ side.
A. each B. either C. both D. every
【答案】B
【解析】every表示三者或三者以上的人物.Either表示两者终的任何一个.
【例6】--- When shall we meet again?
--- Make it _______day you like; It’s all the same to me.
A. one B. any C. another D. some
【答案】B
【解析】如果按照一般的语法规则“any用于疑问句和否定句,some用于肯定”而选D,这显然是脱离了具体的语境.由后面“It’s all the same to me.”判断,是让对方任定一天,any用于肯定句,表示“任何一个的”.
2. C.except that
except可以跟从句.
except + 从句
He cannot hide his feelings, except when the waiters ask if everything is all right.
除了在服务生问他是否觉得不舒服时之外,他无法掩藏自己的感觉. （P24）
本句中含有介词except + when引导的从句作状语,很多同学对此不理解,其实except除了接名词、代词、介词短语、动词不定式外,还可接从句.如：
1. Everybody except John looks down upon me.
除了约翰外别人都看不起我.
2. I looked everywhere except in the bedroom.
除了卧室外,别的地方我都找过了.
3. I know nothing about him except that he lives nearby.
除了知道他住在附近外,我对他一无所知.
4. It had no effect except to make him angry.
除了惹他生气外,没有任何结果.
“more than one + 单数名词”虽有复数概念,但习惯上用单数动词.
e.g.:More than one person is involved in this.
与此事有牵连的人不止一个.
类似的,“many a + 单数名词”也用单数动词.
e.g.:
Many a famous pop singer has been ruined by drugs.
很多著名的流行音乐歌手都因吸毒而毁了自己.
（1）英文中主要有这样一些不定代词：every, each, both, all, either, neither, one, none, litter, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no.另外还有由some, any, no和every构成的合成代词,如：somebody, anything, nothing等.
①both, either和neither
这三词都可以用来指两个人或两件事物,但各自的意义都不相同：both表示“两个都”、either表示“两个中的任何一个”、neither表示“两者都不……”.它们在句中都分别可以作主语、宾语、和定语,both还可以作同位语,如：
Neither of us could help laughing.
You may take either of the two books.
Both of the books are helpful.两本书都很有益.
Both of the books are not helpful.
并非两本书都很有益.Both用在含not的句中表示部分否定.
Neither可以表示全部否定.如：
Neither of the books are not helpful.
②all
在谈到三个或三个以上的人或事物时,或是不可数的事物时,我们都可以用all.它在句中可以充当主语、宾语、定语和同位语、表语,有时还可以作副词用.如：
This is all he knew about it.（作表语）
They were all covered with dust.(作副词)
All 用在含not 的句子中表示部分否定,none 可以表示全否定.如：
All of the answers are right. 所有的答案都是对的.
All of the answers are not right. 并非所有的答案都是对的.
Not all of the answers are right. 并非所有的答案都是对的.
None of the answers is/are right. 所有的答案都是不对的.
all 做主语时的谓语一致：all的单数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单数决定.如：
All goes well.
All the changes are welcomed by the people.
all还可以用在一些词组中,如：
all day 整天all night 整夜all this 所有这些
all the year round 整年all day long 一天到晚all the time 一直
③each 和every
each 和every 这两个词在中文里都有“每一个”的意思,但它们在句子里各自强调的侧重点却不同：every 从每个个体着眼而强调“整体”；而each 却是把一些东西一个一个地加以考虑,强调“各个”.every 只能作定语；each 则可以作主语,宾语,定语和同位语.另外,every 可用于【every other (或every+数词)＋名词】的结构中,表示“每隔……”.
如：every other day每隔一天every three years每隔三年
every third year每隔三年every other line 每隔一行
every ten miles 每隔十英里
each 后可以接“of ”介词短语,表示“某些人或物中的每一个”,every 后不可以接“of”介词短语,everyone可以直接做主语,后面不跟of,但是every one of的结构十存在的.
不可以说：The teacher gave every of us a gift.
可以说：The teacher gave each of us a gift.
不可以说：The teacher gave everyone of us a gift.
可以说：The teacher gave every one of us a gift.
each 用于做主语时,做单数对待.each 用于同位语时,谓语动词和主语保持一致.如：
Each of us knows the matter.
We each know the matter.
every 与not 连用,表示部分否定；each和not连用表示全部否定.如：
Every man is not honest. 并非每个人都真实.
Each man is not honest. 这儿每个人都不诚实.
④one与ones
代替前面刚提到的人或事物以避免重复,one用来代替可数名词,有复数形式ones,所有格one’s和反身代词oneself .ones可以指代具体的人或者具体的东西,还可以泛指所有的人.如：
This problem is a difficult one. 这个问题是个不好解决的问题.
I don’t like colored envelopes .I like white ones. 我不喜欢花信封,我喜欢白的.
This film is not as good as the one we saw last week. 这片子没有我们上周看的好.
Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.(泛指)谦虚使人进步,骄傲使人落后.
⑤some 与any
some 与any都相当于“一些”之意,但意思并不强,因此汉译时经常可省去“一些”这样的字眼.它们作定语时多,这时候some 多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句,疑问句或条件句.在表示请求,建议,反问或是希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,常用some而不用any.另外,some 可与数词连用,表示“大约”的意思.如：
Could you mind buying me some envelopes on your way to school?
你能在去上学的路上,帮我买几个信封吗?
Will you give me some paper? 请给我一点纸.
Some hundred teachers have moved into new houses. 约有百位教师搬进新居.
The bridge was built some two hundred years ago. 这座桥大约建于两百年前.
⑥few, a few; little, a little的用法
few 和a few以及little和a little是两组差异相同词,但前一组用于可数名词,而后一组却用于不可数名词；另外few与little都有“几乎没有”的否定意思,few用于可数名词,little用于不可数名词；a few与a little表示“几个或一点”的肯定意思,a few用于可数名词,a little用于不可数名词.
⑦other, the other, another, others, the others
Other不单独使用,其后一定出现名词,如：other people, other students. 当用于表示两个中的另一个时,用the other. The other既可单独使用,也可后接名词.当表示两个以上的人或物中其余的人或物时,用the others.当表示另外的,其他的人或物时用others.others后面不会出现名词,一般单独使用.表示无范围的“另一”时用another.如：
I don’t like the red skirt. Will you please show me another one?
He had his papers in one hand, his hat in the other.
Eight of them are mine, the others are John’s.
Don’t speak ill of others behind them.
another +数词＋名词＝数词+more +名词,表示“再……”“另外……”.如：
I want to buy another two books. =I want to buy two more books.
Some…some…others…表示“一些,一些,另一些.”
the other ＝the rest “其余的”
the rest of…也可以表示“其余的……”可接复数名词,也可接不可数名词.如：
the rest of the workers the rest of the money
⑧all/whole
两者都表示“全部”“整个”.他们的区别在于：all可接复数可数名词和不可数名词,而whole一般接单数可数名词.All可用于冠词或其他限定词前,而whole只用于冠词之后.如：
The whole book is interesting.
All the chapters are interesting.
⑨anyone/any one; no one/none/nothing
anyone 仅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物.none后跟of 短语,既可指人又可指物,而no one只单独使用,又指人.
none 作主语,谓语动词用单数,复数都可以,而no one作主语谓语动词只能时单数.如：
None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它.
⑩it, one, that
It 可指代可数名词和不可数名词.常常指代上文中“the+名词”或“物主代词+名词”
中的名词,表示同一件事物,it 代替的事物属于特指.它的副数形式是they 和them.如：The Parkers bought a new house but it need a lot of work before they can move in.
One 所表示的名词（可指人或物）和前面所提到的名词只是同一类中的任何一个,不
是指其中某一个.不能代替不可数名词.复数形式是ones.如：
I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have one.
That指代的也是同一类事物而不是同一个事物,但that代替的是有定冠词的名词,表
特指,它还可以代替不可数名词.用that来代替前面已出现的可数名词（that相当于the
One) 或不可数名词时,后面一定要跟修饰语,且that只能指物.如：
No bread eaten by man is so sweet as that earned by his own labor.
用于可数名词用语不可数名词
单数复数
none(of)指人或物
nobody指人,no one指人nothing指物
回答how many/much问句时,用none none(of)指人或物none(of)指人或物
no指人或物(=not a)
He is no fool.（他绝不是蠢人）No指人或物(=not any+名词复数) No other+名词复数No(=not any+不可数名词)
one(of)指人或物
one another Ones指人或物That指物
The weather here is better than that in Shanghai.
Half(of)指人或物Half(of)指人或物Half(of)指物
the other指人或物
the other+名词单数指人或物（和连用）（the）others指人或物
(the)other+名词复数,指人或物（和some连用）(the)other+不可数名词,指物（和some连用）
another指人或物
another+名词单数指人或物any others指人或物
some others指人或物________________
either(of)指人或物
neither(of)指人或物——————————————
————both(of）指人或物
可作同位语We are both students. _______________
each(of),each one, each other指两个或两个以上的人或物.侧重个体.可作同位语We gave them a present each. ————————————
every每一个（作定语）
every other day everybody(one)人
every one(of) 人或物指三个或三个以上的人和物.侧重全体.every two days -----------
------- few(具有否定意义) a few, quite a few a good few little (具有否定意义)
a little, a bit of
——————fewer(of),fewest(of) less(of), least(of)
--------- several(of)几个
some
someone something Some(of)
Some more(+名词复数) Some(of)
Some more(不可数名词)
——————many(of),more(of),most(of) much(of),more(of) most(of)
----------- Lots of许多, a lot(of)许多plenty of 很多,a great/good many numbers of a great/good/large number of大量的a quantity of, quantities of lots of许多,a lot(of)许多plenty of a很多a great/good deal/amount of大量的a quantity of, quantities of
any(of)指人或物anyone, anything 用于否定,疑问和条件句中any(of)指人和物any things any more any(of)指物any more
all(of)指人和物All is not gold that glisters all(of)指人和物可作同位语I know them all. We all know them well. all(of) I spent all of my on books
enough(of) 指人和物enough(of)指物
such 指人和物such 指人和物such 指物
the last + 名词单数,指人或物the last + 名词复数,指人或物
the next + 名词单数,指人或物the next + 名词复数,指人或物
6. 疑问代词
疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever等.疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句.
（1）which和what
which 用于哟眼一定选择范围的情况,what 用于无选择范围或究竟是什么还不清楚的情况.
Which color do you like best-green, red or white?
What color is her dress?
(2) 疑问代词用于对介词提问时,介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首.
For what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?
Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all way with you.
你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同.
7. 关系代词who(whom, whose), which和that 引导定语从句.当先行词为人或人格化的动物时.用who, whom, whose; 当先行词为无生命的东西时,用which, that, 适用于两种情况.关系代词的格取决于它在从句中的语法作用；关系代词如果在从句中作主语、表语,则用主格；如果作宾语则用宾语.如：
This is the athlete who everybody says will win the gold at Winter Olympic Games.这就是那位人人都说会在冬季奥林匹克运动会上获金牌的运动员.
The picture which has a house and flowers is the one I like best.
那张有房子和花的图画我最喜欢.
（1）不用that的情况
①在引导非限定性定语从句时
（错）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
②介词后不能用.
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which get our food from.
(2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
①在不定代词,如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that, 不用which.
②先行词有the only, the very 修饰时,只用that.
③先行词杯序数词,数词,形容词最高级修饰时,只用that.
④先行词既有人,又有物时.
如：
All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题.
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
那贼最终把透的全部东西交给了警察.
8.相互代词
表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other 和one another 两组.Each other用于两个人或事情之间,one another用于两个以上的人或事物之间,但在现代英语终,这种区别已经不怎么强烈了.如：
He put all the books beside each other/one another. 他把所有书并列摆放起来.
Usually these small groups were independent of each other.
这些小团体通常时相互独立的.
相互代词可加“－s”构成所有格.如：
The students borrowed each other’s notes. 学生们互借笔记.
【典型例题】
【例1】If one is not enough, take_______.
A. one B. other C. the other D. another
【答案】D
【解析】other不可以单独存在,后面必须出现名词.The other表示两者终的另一个.One的指代不清楚.another表示“另一个.”
【例2】Some students are playing basketball, _______are listening to the music.
A. another B. the other C. others D. other
【答案】C
【解析】the other表示两者终的另一个.another表示“另一个”.Other不可以单独存在,后面必须出现名词.Other表示“其余的”.
【例3】______of us like to play the game again.
A. A good many B. A lots C. Many a D. Many
【答案】D
【解析】a good many许多,用来修饰可数名词.不可以接of结构；a lot of/lots of 许多,用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词.
many a +可数名词单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,意义上相当于many+可数名词.
【例4】What would you like for breakfast? _______will do so long as it fills my stomach.
A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. Everything
【答案】A
【解析】so long as 只要.Anything will do=anything will be ok随便扫描都可以.
【例5】Which side shall I take hold of, this side or that side? You can take hold of _______ side.
A. each B. either C. both D. every
【答案】B
【解析】every表示三者或三者以上的人物.Either表示两者终的任何一个.
【例6】--- When shall we meet again?
--- Make it _______day you like; It’s all the same to me.
A. one B. any C. another D. some
【答案】B
【解析】如果按照一般的语法规则“any用于疑问句和否定句,some用于肯定”而选D,这显然是脱离了具体的语境.由后面“It’s all the same to me.”判断,是让对方任定一天,any用于肯定句,表示“任何一个的”.
展开全文阅读