aren't I
简单句式结构中反意疑问句的运用
1.当陈述句部分的主语是名词时,反意疑问句的主语必须用人称代词来代替.
例 Your brother has gone to the library,hasn't he 你弟弟去图书馆了,是吗
2,当陈述句的主语是指示代词this,that时,反意疑问句的主语用it代替;指示代词是these,those时,反意疑问句的主语用they代替.
例 That isn't a useful book,is it 那不是一本有用的书,是吗
These are important reading materials,aren't they 这些都是重要的阅读材料,是吗
3,当陈述句部分是I am…时,反意疑问句部分通常要用aren't I;如陈述句部分的主语是I am not时,反意疑问句部分通常要用am I.
例 I'm late for the meeting,aren't I 我开会迟到了,是吗 I'm not doing well,am I
4,当陈述部分是everyone / everybody,someone / somebody,no one / nobody,none等表示人的不定代词时,反意疑问句部分的主语多用they,但也可用he;当陈述部分的主语是everything,anything,something,nothing等表示物的不定代词时,反意疑问句部分的主语用it.
例 Nobody came when I was out,did they 我在外时,没人来过,是吗
Everything has gone wrong today,hasn't it 今天什么都出问题了,是不是
5,当陈述部分是"there be + 主语 + 其它"结构时,反意疑问部分要用"be (not) + there"结构.例 There are some bananas in the basket,aren't there 篮子里有些香蕉,是吗
6,祈使句构成反意疑问句时,除了Let's 开头的祈使句,疑问部分用shall we 之外,其余一律用will you ,在这里并非表示疑问,而是进一步叮咛嘱托.只不过shall you 也包括说话人在内.例Let's go to see the film together,shall we 我们一起去看电影,好吗
Let us go to see the film together,will you 我们一起去看电影,好吗
7当陈述部分是 "had better +动词原形 是,疑问部分用" had\ hadn't +主语"
例You'd better go to school now,hadn't you 你最好现在就去学校,好吗
8,当陈述部分有hardly,scarcely,barely,rarely,seldom,few,little,no,never,nothing,nobody,nowhere等否定词或半否定词时,反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式.
注 如果陈述句部分是带有否定前缀或后缀时,反意疑问句部分仍用否定结构.
例 It's impossible for him to make such a mistake,isn't it 他不可能犯这样的错误,是吗
9,感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定式,并用be的一般现在时形式.
例 What a foolish child (he is),isn't he 多傻的孩子啊,不是吗
10反意疑问句用于主从复合句结构中时,要注意以下情况
1.)一般情况下,陈述句部分是主从复合句时,反意疑问句部分的代词和助动词应与主句中的主语和动词保持一致.
例 This is the second time that he has been to Japan,isn't it 这是他第二次去日本,是吗
2.)在宾语从句中,如果陈述句部分是"I think (believe,suppose,imagine,expect等) + 宾语从句",反意疑问句部分应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致,并要注意否定转移.例 I don't think you have heard of him before,have you 我认为你以前没有听说过他,是吗 注 当think等这些动词的主语不是第一人称,或主语是第一人称,而动词时态不是一般现在时或一般过去时,这时,反意疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致.
例 Mary thinks you will come to the party,doesn't she 玛丽认为你将来参加晚会,是吗
三 反意疑问句的回答 " 根据事实回答"
对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no.要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反.这种省略回答的yes要译成"不",no要译成"是".
例 ---He likes playing football,doesn't he 他喜欢踢足球,是吗
---Yes,he does./ No,he doesn't.是的./ 不是.
---His sister didn't attend the meeting,did she 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗
---Yes,she did./ No,she didn't.不,她参加了./ 是的,她没参加.
巩固练习 1.---They don't seem to answer the phone.---There isn't anyone at home,________
2 There aren't many cafes.We'd better stop at the next place we see,_______
3.Let us take the taxi,_______ Don't open the door,
4.Comrade Li came here yesterday.I don't believe you've seen him before,
5.Tom told the story,His parents laugh ,
6.Everyone is here,Everything is ok,
7.I'm much better today,
8.What bad weather!How beautiful the flowers are!
9 Mary has never been to Beijing,
10.This is a book,Those are boats,
