问题描述：
英语翻译
冷却塔是用来冷却循环水的,循环水冷却乏汽后温度会有一定的升高,如果直接排入长江或者其他水源处,会对长江水温产生一定的影响,即会造成热污染.
圆锥曲线的发现可以说是一个伟大的发现.它的发现给我们的生活与生产带来了无穷的乐趣,也给我们的科学研究带来了种种方便.在我们的实际生活中处处都有圆锥曲线,上有地球绕太阳运行的轨道,下有隧道、桥梁的设计；大到化工厂或热电厂的冷却塔的制造,小到探照灯、望远镜的制作；远至人造卫星运行轨道的探求,近至商品买卖的路线选择等.既然我们的四周充满着圆锥曲线,那么圆锥曲线到底有何重要作用呢?
双曲线型冷却塔
火电厂、核电站的循环水自然通风冷却的一种构筑物.建在水源不十分充足的地区的电厂,为了节约用水,需设置冷却构筑物,以使从冷却器排出的热水在其中冷却后可重复使用.大型电厂采用的冷却构筑物多为双曲线型冷却塔.
英国最早使用这种冷却塔.20世纪30年代以来在各国广泛应用,40年代在中国东北抚顺电厂、阜新电厂先后建成双曲线型冷却塔群.冷却塔由集水池、支柱、塔身和淋水装置组成.集水池多为在地面下约2米深的圆形水池.塔身为有利于自然通风的双曲线形无肋无梁柱的薄壁空间结构,多用钢筋混凝土制造,塔高一般为75～110米,底边直径65～100米.塔内上部为风筒,标高10米以下为配水槽和淋水装置.淋水装置是使水蒸发散热的主要设备.运行时,水从配水槽向下流淋滴溅,空气从塔底侧面进入,与水充分接触后带着热量向上排出.冷却过程以蒸发散热为主,一小部分为对流散热.双曲线型冷却塔比水池式冷却构筑物占地面积小,布置紧凑,水量损失小,且冷却效果不受风力影响；它又比机力通风冷却塔维护简便,节约电能；但体形高大,造价较高.
了解了上述原理和分类后,就知道大型中央空调和火电厂的冷却塔常用的外形之一就是旋转单叶双曲面,它的优点是对流快,散热效果好.
拱形受到压力时,能把压力向下和向外传递给相邻的部分.拱形各部分受到压力时会产生外推力,如果能抵住拱的外推力,拱就能承受巨大的压力.
因为拱形把力量分到各个点上
稳定,强度高
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The cooling tower is used for circulating cooling water, circulating water cooling exhaust temperature will rise, if discharged directly into the river or other water, on the Yangtze River water to produce certain effect, which can cause thermal pollution.
Conic curve that can be said to be one of the great discoveries. It was found to give our life and production a lot of fun, but also to our scientific research brings a lot of convenience. In our actual life is conical, with the earth's orbit around the sun, a tunnel, bridge design; the chemical or thermal power plant cooling tower manufacturing, small to searchlight, telescope making; far from the man-made satellite orbit close to explore, commodity trading route selection. Since our around full of conic curve, then the conic what an important role?
Hyperbolic cooling tower
Thermal power plant, nuclear power plant circulating water natural ventilation cooling of a building. Built in water is not sufficient in power plant, in order to save water, need to set the cooling structure, so that the discharged water from the cooler in which cooling can be reused after. Large power plants by cooling structure for cooling tower.
The earliest use of this cooling tower. Since the nineteen thirties in the world wide application,40 time in Northeast China's Fushun power plant, Fuxin power plant has built a hyperbolic cooling towers. Cooling tower by collecting tank, pillar, a tower body and a water spraying device. Collecting tank is in the ground about 2meters deep circular pool. The tower is in favor of natural ventilation hyperbolic shape without rib beam column with thin-walled spatial structure, reinforced concrete column, is generally 75 to110 meters, the bottom diameter of 65~ 100 meters. The upper part in the tower for air duct, elevation 10 meters below for distributing water trough and the water spraying device. Water spraying device is to vaporize the water cooling equipment. When running, water from the water distribution trough downward flow with droplet splashing, air from the tower bottom side entry, full contact with water with heat discharged upward. The cooling process in evaporative cooling, a small part of convection heat transfer. Hyperbolic cooling tower than pool cooling structures covers an area of small, compact layout, water loss is small, and the cooling effect is not influenced by the wind; it is also the mechanical draft cooling tower maintenance is simple, save electric energy; but the tall, the construction of complex, high cost.
Understanding the principle and the classification, know the large central air-conditioning and thermal power plant cooling tower is one of the commonly used form of rotating hyperboloid of one sheet, which has the advantages of convection quickly, good heat dissipation effect.
Arch subjected to pressure, the pressure downward and outward transfer to an adjacent part. The arched parts under stress will produce a thrust of, if can resist the thrust of arch, the arch will be under great pressure.
Because of the strength of arch divides each point
Stable, high strength
