问题描述：
英语翻译
President Arthur again appealed for civil service reform.This time,he got results.The new Congress passed a civil service bill that required ten percent of all federal jobs to be filled through competitive examinations.This ten percent included half the officials in the Post Office Department.It included most workers at federal customs houses.
The bill also said it was illegal for politicians to ask government employees for campaign money.And it set up a civil service committee to enforce the new law.
VOICE TWO:
President Chester Arthur
President Arthur also found himself faced with an unusual problem.The government was earning more money than it needed.Most of the money came from tariffs -- taxes on imports.Each year,tariffs brought in one hundred million dollars more than the government needed.
The import taxes had been set high to protect American industries from foreign competition.President Arthur wanted to reduce the tariffs.Congress wanted to keep them high.Industrial leaders wanted to keep them high,too.They did not want to compete with low-priced foreign products.
VOICE ONE:
Congress saw no problem with the extra money brought in by high tariffs.It found many ways to spend it.
For example,Congress raised payments to soldiers who had fought in the Civil War during the eighteen sixties.It also approved money to build roads,bridges,and waterways throughout the country.Many of these things were not needed.They were approved for political purposes.They put government money into the home areas of powerful congressmen.
In eighteen eighty-two,Congress passed the "Rivers and Harbors bill." The bill would cost almost nineteen million dollars.President Arthur vetoed the bill.He said it would waste too much money.But Congress passed the bill into law over his veto.
VOICE TWO:
Next,President Arthur urged Congress to form a committee to find a way to reduce tariffs.Congress formed the committee.The committee proposed that tariffs be reduced by twenty percent.But Congress did not consider the
proposal when it began debating a new tariff bill.
President Arthur was more successful in getting Congress to reduce the public debt.During his term,the debt was cut by more than four hundred million dollars.
VOICE ONE:
Chester Arthur's efforts for honest government and lower taxes won him much support among the people.But he could not win the support of his Republican Party.
Arthur wanted to serve another four years in the White House.His name was put before the Republican nominating convention in eighteen eighty-four.The name of Senator James Blaine of Maine also was put before the convention.
On the first ballot,Blaine received three hundred thirty-four votes.Arthur got only two hundred seventy-eight.Three ballots later,Blaine won the presidential nomination.
President Arthur again appealed for civil service reform.This time,he got results.The new Congress passed a civil service bill that required ten percent of all federal jobs to be filled through competitive examinations.This ten percent included half the officials in the Post Office Department.It included most workers at federal customs houses.
The bill also said it was illegal for politicians to ask government employees for campaign money.And it set up a civil service committee to enforce the new law.
VOICE TWO:
President Chester Arthur
President Arthur also found himself faced with an unusual problem.The government was earning more money than it needed.Most of the money came from tariffs -- taxes on imports.Each year,tariffs brought in one hundred million dollars more than the government needed.
The import taxes had been set high to protect American industries from foreign competition.President Arthur wanted to reduce the tariffs.Congress wanted to keep them high.Industrial leaders wanted to keep them high,too.They did not want to compete with low-priced foreign products.
VOICE ONE:
Congress saw no problem with the extra money brought in by high tariffs.It found many ways to spend it.
For example,Congress raised payments to soldiers who had fought in the Civil War during the eighteen sixties.It also approved money to build roads,bridges,and waterways throughout the country.Many of these things were not needed.They were approved for political purposes.They put government money into the home areas of powerful congressmen.
In eighteen eighty-two,Congress passed the "Rivers and Harbors bill." The bill would cost almost nineteen million dollars.President Arthur vetoed the bill.He said it would waste too much money.But Congress passed the bill into law over his veto.
VOICE TWO:
Next,President Arthur urged Congress to form a committee to find a way to reduce tariffs.Congress formed the committee.The committee proposed that tariffs be reduced by twenty percent.But Congress did not consider the
proposal when it began debating a new tariff bill.
President Arthur was more successful in getting Congress to reduce the public debt.During his term,the debt was cut by more than four hundred million dollars.
VOICE ONE:
Chester Arthur's efforts for honest government and lower taxes won him much support among the people.But he could not win the support of his Republican Party.
Arthur wanted to serve another four years in the White House.His name was put before the Republican nominating convention in eighteen eighty-four.The name of Senator James Blaine of Maine also was put before the convention.
On the first ballot,Blaine received three hundred thirty-four votes.Arthur got only two hundred seventy-eight.Three ballots later,Blaine won the presidential nomination.
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