英语翻译其中第1小题有答案但不知道原因,后4题没有答案（每句一错）.1.【While (A)】【the total nu

1.【While (A)】【the total number of farmers tilling (B)】 the soil 【barely(C)】half what【they were (D)】 in 1959, size of the average farm has tripled.
此题有答案：答案是D 改为 it was,不知道为什么.请分析句子,详细解释一下原因
答：因为这里要代替前面的名词the number是单数.
翻译：虽然种地的农民数目仅仅是他们在1959年的一半,但是农场的平均规模增至三倍.
7.We are not 【conscious of(A)】the extent 【of which(B)】work provides the psychological satisfaction 【that(C)】make【the difference(D)】between a full and an empty life.
B 改为to which 因为extent是程度;限度;范围的意思,经常与to连用.
例如：to a certain extent,从某种程度上说
而which则是与后面的句子相连,作为疑问词来补充成分,which work provides the psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.这实际上是一个完整的句子.
翻译：我们并不太清楚要区分一个有意义的和空虚的人生需要多大程度的精神满足.
（这个题中楼主漏掉了work.）
8.The moon has a mass that is nearly one hundred times【less(A)】than【the earth(B)】;【in consequence(C)】, the force of gravity at the moon’s surface is only one-sixth 【of(D)】that at the earth’s surface.
B.改为that of the earth 因为前后比较的范围要一致,月球上的mass和地球上的mass相比较要少,而不是和地球相比较要少.that在此代替mass,that可以代替前面提到过的名词. 有生命的物质的所有格才加's ,所以这里如果改为the earth's欠妥.
又如The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.
翻译：月球的质量比地球的将近小一百倍,因此,月球表面的吸引力仅仅是是地球表面吸引力的六分之一.
9.【If only(A)】the nature of the aging process【is(B)】better understood, the possibility【of discovering(C)】a medicine that can block the fundamental process of aging【seems(D)】very remote.
A 改为unless 因为unless=if...not 意思“除非,如果不”
因为if only意思是“如果..就好了”,它引导的句子要求用虚拟语气.
如：If only I were you!要是我是你就好了!
而在这个句子,从句和主句都用了一般现在时,而且if only放在这里意思也不通顺.
翻译：如果对老化过程的本质不能更好地理解,那么发现可以阻止衰老的基本进程的药物的可能性就似乎很遥远.
10.The Bunsen burner is 【so(A)】named because it【is thought(B)】【to be invented(C)】by Robert Bunsen, who was German【by(D)】birth.
C.改为to have been invented
因为在下面这个句型“某人/某事被认为...,”中,Sb/Sth is thought/believed/said/reported to do/to be doing/to have done 要注意不定式的时态选择,在这里表示动作已经发生所以用完成时.
又如：Robert is said to have studied abroad, but I don't know which country he studied in.
翻译：本生灯如此命名是因为人们认为是有德国人罗伯特·本生发明的.