问题描述：
初二上册英语期末总复习
人教版的,要有能够把每个单元的语法全部归纳出来.如果好的可以加分
人教版的,要有能够把每个单元的语法全部归纳出来.如果好的可以加分
问题解答：
我来补答
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”.例如：
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什么时候离开上海的?
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”.例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了.
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”.例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你为什么要离开上海去北京?
should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如：
How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?
should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助.
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念.此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈.
例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来.
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人.例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill.
如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生.
3. 用于表示可能性.should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一.例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了.
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来.
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问
职业.如：
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
该句相当于：
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人.如：
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩.
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”.如：
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”.如：
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中.如：
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中.如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中.如：
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面.如：
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball?
5.在以下结构中：
enjoy doing sth 乐于做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
go on doing sth 继续做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
like doing sth 喜欢做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth
看到/听到/观看某人做某事
try doing sth 试图做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
miss doing sth 错过做某事practice doing sth 练习做某 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
can't help doing sth
禁不住做某事
12) 英语中的“单数”
1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he, she, it”代替的.如：
he,she, it,my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名词有单数名词和复数名词.如：
man（单数）---men（复数） banana（单数）---bananas（复数）
3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词.如：
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式.
如：
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式
名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种.
I 名词复数的规则变化
1.一般在名词词尾加-s.如：
pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
desk---desks tree---trees
2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,词尾加-es.如：
class---classes dish---dishes
watch---watches box---boxes
3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词,词尾加-es.如：
potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,将-y变为-i,再加-es.如：
family---families dictionary---dictionaries
city---cities country---countries
5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es.如：
half---halves leaf---leaves
thief---thieves knife---knives
self---selves wife---wives
life---lives wolf---wolves
shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
但是：
scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
chief---chiefs proof---proofs
belief---beliefs
II 名词复数的不规则变化
1.将-oo改为--ee.如：
foot---feet tooth---teeth
2.将-man改为-men.如：
man---men woman---women
policeman---policemen postman---postmen
3.添加词尾.如：
child---children
4.单复数同形.如：
sheep---sheep deer---deer
fish---fish people---people
5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化.
即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s加后面”.如：
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Swiss---Swiss
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
American---Americans Australian---Australians
Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
6.其它.如：
mouse---mice
apple tree---apple trees
man teacher---men teachers
14) 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词
初中阶段常见的有以下这些：
1.let→letting 让
hit→hitting 打、撞
cut→cutting 切、割
get→getting 取、得到
sit→sitting 坐
forget→forgetting 忘记
like 可以作动词,也可以作介词.
1、like 作动词,表示一般性的“爱好、喜欢”,有泛指的含义.如：
Do you like the color? 你喜爱这种颜色吗?
like 后可接不定式（like to do sth）,也可接动词的-ing分词（like doing sth）,有时意思不尽相同.如：
She likes eating apples.她喜爱吃苹果.（习惯）
She likes to eat an apple.她喜爱吃一粒苹果.（平常不喜欢吃）
like 与 would 连用,后接不定式,表示愿望或客气的请求.如：
Would you like a cup of tea? 您愿意喝杯茶吗?
“喜欢某人做某事”可以用结构“like sb to do sth/doing sth”.如：They all like me to sing/singing English songs.
他们都喜欢我唱英文歌.
2、like 作介词,可译成“像.”.
21) stop to do sth 与 stop doing sth
1. stop to do sth 意为“停下来去做某事”.如：
The students stop to listen to their teacher.
学生们停下来去听他们老师讲话.
2. stop doing sth 意为“停止做某事”.如：
The students stopped talking. 学生们停止了谈话.
与它们相反的句式是：go on to do sth “继续做某事（与刚才一事不同）”
和 go on doing sth “继续做某事（与刚才同一件事）”.
1.how many表示“多少”,对数量提问,后面接可数名词的复数形式.如：
There are four people in my famil
---How many classes do you have every day? 你们每天上几节课?
2.how much也是表示“多少”,但它对不可数名词进行提问.如：
---How much milk is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少牛奶?
3.how much还可以对价格提问,表示“多少钱”的意思
---How much is the yellow T-shirt? 那件黄色的T恤衫多少钱?
36) with的几个用法
1.with表“和、同、与”
2.with表“用、以、被”
3.with表“随着”
4.with表“带有、有.的”.
5.一些with结构：
play with 与.一起玩
be angry with 对.生气
talk with 与.交谈
get on well with与.相处融洽
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”.例如：
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什么时候离开上海的?
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”.例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了.
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”.例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你为什么要离开上海去北京?
should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如：
How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?
should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助.
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念.此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈.
例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来.
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人.例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill.
如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生.
3. 用于表示可能性.should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一.例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了.
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来.
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问
职业.如：
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
该句相当于：
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人.如：
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩.
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”.如：
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”.如：
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中.如：
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中.如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中.如：
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面.如：
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball?
5.在以下结构中：
enjoy doing sth 乐于做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
go on doing sth 继续做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
like doing sth 喜欢做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth
看到/听到/观看某人做某事
try doing sth 试图做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
miss doing sth 错过做某事practice doing sth 练习做某 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
can't help doing sth
禁不住做某事
12) 英语中的“单数”
1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he, she, it”代替的.如：
he,she, it,my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名词有单数名词和复数名词.如：
man（单数）---men（复数） banana（单数）---bananas（复数）
3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词.如：
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式.
如：
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式
名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种.
I 名词复数的规则变化
1.一般在名词词尾加-s.如：
pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
desk---desks tree---trees
2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,词尾加-es.如：
class---classes dish---dishes
watch---watches box---boxes
3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词,词尾加-es.如：
potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,将-y变为-i,再加-es.如：
family---families dictionary---dictionaries
city---cities country---countries
5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es.如：
half---halves leaf---leaves
thief---thieves knife---knives
self---selves wife---wives
life---lives wolf---wolves
shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
但是：
scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
chief---chiefs proof---proofs
belief---beliefs
II 名词复数的不规则变化
1.将-oo改为--ee.如：
foot---feet tooth---teeth
2.将-man改为-men.如：
man---men woman---women
policeman---policemen postman---postmen
3.添加词尾.如：
child---children
4.单复数同形.如：
sheep---sheep deer---deer
fish---fish people---people
5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化.
即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s加后面”.如：
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Swiss---Swiss
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
American---Americans Australian---Australians
Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
6.其它.如：
mouse---mice
apple tree---apple trees
man teacher---men teachers
14) 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词
初中阶段常见的有以下这些：
1.let→letting 让
hit→hitting 打、撞
cut→cutting 切、割
get→getting 取、得到
sit→sitting 坐
forget→forgetting 忘记
like 可以作动词,也可以作介词.
1、like 作动词,表示一般性的“爱好、喜欢”,有泛指的含义.如：
Do you like the color? 你喜爱这种颜色吗?
like 后可接不定式（like to do sth）,也可接动词的-ing分词（like doing sth）,有时意思不尽相同.如：
She likes eating apples.她喜爱吃苹果.（习惯）
She likes to eat an apple.她喜爱吃一粒苹果.（平常不喜欢吃）
like 与 would 连用,后接不定式,表示愿望或客气的请求.如：
Would you like a cup of tea? 您愿意喝杯茶吗?
“喜欢某人做某事”可以用结构“like sb to do sth/doing sth”.如：They all like me to sing/singing English songs.
他们都喜欢我唱英文歌.
2、like 作介词,可译成“像.”.
21) stop to do sth 与 stop doing sth
1. stop to do sth 意为“停下来去做某事”.如：
The students stop to listen to their teacher.
学生们停下来去听他们老师讲话.
2. stop doing sth 意为“停止做某事”.如：
The students stopped talking. 学生们停止了谈话.
与它们相反的句式是：go on to do sth “继续做某事（与刚才一事不同）”
和 go on doing sth “继续做某事（与刚才同一件事）”.
1.how many表示“多少”,对数量提问,后面接可数名词的复数形式.如：
There are four people in my famil
---How many classes do you have every day? 你们每天上几节课?
2.how much也是表示“多少”,但它对不可数名词进行提问.如：
---How much milk is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少牛奶?
3.how much还可以对价格提问,表示“多少钱”的意思
---How much is the yellow T-shirt? 那件黄色的T恤衫多少钱?
36) with的几个用法
1.with表“和、同、与”
2.with表“用、以、被”
3.with表“随着”
4.with表“带有、有.的”.
5.一些with结构：
play with 与.一起玩
be angry with 对.生气
talk with 与.交谈
get on well with与.相处融洽
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