问题描述：
英语翻译
Introduction
In a brief introduction,identify your chosen topic,identify at least one key author that was instrumental in developing explanatory theory on the subject.Situate this (these) author(s) in time (e.g.late 1980’s),with respect to its (their) disciplinary affiliation (e.g.an economic geographer),and eventually providing – it’s optional – information about the locale and context of the first researches (e.g.X came to develop an interest in this phenomenon at the occasion of his famous study of Los Angeles…).
Core of the essay
The core of the essay will consist of four sections.
A section will present (a) comprehensive definition(s) of the key concept(s) pertaining to your topic (e.g.“Edges cities could be defined as…” “Global warming is defined by author X as…”).
The second section will discuss what aspects of the post-industrial city are dealt with,or concerned by,the theories pertaining to your specific topic.Another way to present the relevance of your topic for the contemporary city is to discuss how global warming,for instance,poses a challenge for cities in particular; to discuss what the concept of Edge city tells us about the reality and/or the challenges faced by the contemporary city,or; the how the literature explains the trend that sees cities developing mega-projects in order to boost their development and re-position themselves in the global urban system.
The following section should discuss the impact of the theory on the contemporary planning practice (e.g.how the explanatory theory pertaining to your topic came to influence the way in which our cities are planned,i.e.how the explanatory theory was transformed into a normative-prescriptive planning theory; or how a normative-prescriptive theory has been operationalized in specific sets of planning practices e.g.policy making,economic development policies,master planning,land-use regulations,etc.).
The fourth section will discuss the resonance of your topic in a Canadian context (refer yourself to at least one text that discusses,for instance,the impact of the Creative cities paradigm,or ideas,for Canadian cities or one Canadian city…).
Conclusion
In the conclusion,discuss briefly,based on the references consulted,the relative importance of this topic for the future of planning over the next 20 years.
Introduction
In a brief introduction,identify your chosen topic,identify at least one key author that was instrumental in developing explanatory theory on the subject.Situate this (these) author(s) in time (e.g.late 1980’s),with respect to its (their) disciplinary affiliation (e.g.an economic geographer),and eventually providing – it’s optional – information about the locale and context of the first researches (e.g.X came to develop an interest in this phenomenon at the occasion of his famous study of Los Angeles…).
Core of the essay
The core of the essay will consist of four sections.
A section will present (a) comprehensive definition(s) of the key concept(s) pertaining to your topic (e.g.“Edges cities could be defined as…” “Global warming is defined by author X as…”).
The second section will discuss what aspects of the post-industrial city are dealt with,or concerned by,the theories pertaining to your specific topic.Another way to present the relevance of your topic for the contemporary city is to discuss how global warming,for instance,poses a challenge for cities in particular; to discuss what the concept of Edge city tells us about the reality and/or the challenges faced by the contemporary city,or; the how the literature explains the trend that sees cities developing mega-projects in order to boost their development and re-position themselves in the global urban system.
The following section should discuss the impact of the theory on the contemporary planning practice (e.g.how the explanatory theory pertaining to your topic came to influence the way in which our cities are planned,i.e.how the explanatory theory was transformed into a normative-prescriptive planning theory; or how a normative-prescriptive theory has been operationalized in specific sets of planning practices e.g.policy making,economic development policies,master planning,land-use regulations,etc.).
The fourth section will discuss the resonance of your topic in a Canadian context (refer yourself to at least one text that discusses,for instance,the impact of the Creative cities paradigm,or ideas,for Canadian cities or one Canadian city…).
Conclusion
In the conclusion,discuss briefly,based on the references consulted,the relative importance of this topic for the future of planning over the next 20 years.
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