其实我们把附加句叫做反意疑问句
反意问句
反意问句由二部分构成 ,即陈述句 ＋ 反问句 ,在形式上通常遵循前肯定后否定或前否定后肯定以及反问句的主 、谓须与陈述句主、谓相一致的原则 .
一、谓语的变化
1. 陈述部分含 must 情态动词,反问句谓语须根据其不同的意思而确定.
1 ) must 表“一定要”,“必须”,反问句谓语用 needn't ,间或用 mustn't .
e.g. You must leave for Beijing next week , needn't you ?
He must work hard at his subjects , mustn't he ?
2 ) must 表 “ 一定是 ”“ 肯定是 ”,反问句谓语须根据其后的原形动词选用相对应的形式.
e.g. You must have told him that , haven't you ?
They must be having a meeting now , aren't they ?
She must be at the office , isn't she ?
He must have seen the film yesterday , didn't he ?
2. 陈述部分用 had better ,反问句谓语多用 shouldn't ,间或也用hadn't .
e.g. We had better stop the discussion , shouldn't we ?
You'd better turn to your teacher for help , hadn't you ?
3. 陈述部分谓语用 have ,反问句谓语须根据其意义确定.
1 ) 表 " 拥有 " , 反问句谓语用 have 或 do .
e.g. You have a new dictionary , haven't you ?
He has a foreign friend , doesn't he ?
陈述部分是否定形式 ,反问句谓语用 have 或 do 取决于陈述部分的谓语形式.
e.g. He hasn't a lot of time to spare , has he ?
You don't have anything to say , do you ?
2 ) have 表其他意思 , 反问句谓语多用 don't , 间或也用 haven't .
e.g. Jack has to go there on foot , doesn't we ?
3 ) 陈述部分含have to结构,反问句谓语多用 don't ,间或也用 haven't .
e.g. Jack has to go there on foot , doesn't he ?
We have to get up early , haven't we ?
当 have to 被 have got to 取代时,反问句谓语须用 have .
e.g. We have got to answer all these questions , haven't we ?
4. 陈述部分谓语用 used to 结构,反问句谓语用 didn't 或 usedn't 或 used ＋ 主 ＋ not .
e.g. They used to live in the city , usedn't they ?
He used to get up very early , didn't he ?
You used to play football , used you not ?
5. 陈述部分用 I am ... 结构 ,反问句谓语用 aren't 或 ain't 或 am I not .
e.g. I am your friend , am I not ?
I am have on time , aren't / ain't I ?
二、 句子结构的变化
1. 感叹句附加反问句 ,其反问句一般使用否定式.
e.g. What fine weather , isn't it ?
How hard she works , doesn't she ?
How clever the boy is , isn't he ?
2. 陈述部分用 I wish ... 结构 ,反问句常用 may I 形式 .
e.g. I wish I had met him , may I ?
I wish I were a birk , may I ?
3. 祈使句附加反问句分下面几种情况 :
1 ) 肯定祈使句 ＋ will you ? 多表“ 请求 ”.
e.g. Come here early next time , will you ?
肯定祈使句 ＋ won't you ? 多表“ 提醒注意 ”.
e.g. Listen to me attentively , won't you ?
表邀请 ,请求多用 will you ,但也可根据需要选用其他形式.
e.g. Sing us a song , would you ?
Turn off the light , won't you ?
表提醒某人做某事 ,除 won't you 外 ,还可用 would you ,can you 等.
e.g. Do write down your name have , would you ?
Stop talking , can you ?
2 ) 否定祈使句 ＋ will you 或 can you ?
e.g. Don't be late again , will you ?
Don't make a noise , can you ?
但在否定祈使句后不能使用 won't you .
3 ) Let's ... + shall we 或 shan't we ?
e.g. Let's begin our class , shall we ?
Let's get down to our business , shan't we ?
而 Let us / me / him ..., 则应用 will / won't you ?
e.g. Let me have a try , will you ?
Let us have a rest , won't you ?
4 ) 陈述部分含有 few , little , seldom , havdly , never , not , no , no one ,nobody , nothing ,
none , neither等 ,反问句应用肯定结构 .
e.g. He seldom comes here , does he ?
You know little French , do you ?
但当这些否定 、半否定意义的词在陈述部分作宾语时 ,反问句间或也用否定结构 .
e.g. He has nothing to do now , doesn't he ?
5 ) 陈述部分所含的否定词是加前缀或后缀所构成的 ,反问句要用否定结构 .
e.g. He is quite careless , isn't he ?
It is unfair , isn't it ?
6 ) 陈述部分用 I ( We ) think / suppose / believe / imagine ...等接that 从句 ,反问句应与从句
的主 、谓语保持一致 ,但应注意否定的转移 .
e.g. I think he'll be back in 3 days , won't he ?
I don't believe that they have known it , have they ?
7 ) 陈述部分用 neither ... nor ... , both ... and ... , 连接二个主语,反问句主语常用复数.
e.g. Neither you nor I am wrong , are we ?
Both Tom and Mary are new here , aren't they ?
8 ) 陈述部分用 too ... to ... , 表 “ 太 …… 以致不能 …… ”,反问句肯定形式 .
e.g. He is too excited to say a word , is he ?
They are too tired to go any farther , are they ?
9 ) 陈述部分用 so 开头 ,反问句用“ 同向 ” 反问形式 ,表惊讶 ,不满 ,怀疑等情绪 .
e.g. So you are getting married , are you ?
So you don't want to go with us , don't you ?
4. 练习
给下列句子加反意疑问句.
1. She is a school girl, ______________________?
2. It looks like rain, ______________________?
3. They go there by bus, ______________________?
4. His mother goes to work at 8:00, ______________________?
5. The girl can sing an English song, ______________________?
6. The students had a class meeting yesterday, ______________________?
7. He forgot his umbrella, ______________________?
8. There was a telephone for you, ______________________?
9. Let’s clean our bedroom, ______________________?
10. I think he is a teacher, ______________________?
11. You haven’t a Rolls-Royce, ______________________?
12. I don’t think she is ill, ______________________?
13. That clock is slow, ______________________?
14. Nobody wants to go there, ______________________?
15. There’s something wrong, ______________________?
16. He was unhappy, ______________________?
17. I’m late, ______________________?
18. She had a good time yesterday, ______________________?
19. Let us have a look at your book, ______________________?
20. Don’t move the chair, ______________________?
答案
1. isn’t she 2. doesn’t it 3. don’t they 4. doesn’t she 5. can’t she 6. didn’t they 7. didn’t he 8. wasn’t there
9. shall we 10. isn’t he 11. have you 12. is she
13. isn’t it 14. does he 15. isn’t there 16. wasn’t he 17. aren’t I 18. didn’t she 19. will you 20. will you
第二个问题里的born 不能改成 bore, 在这个句子里 be born 是被动语态,我们是被妈妈生出来.在英语中没有 be 加动词过去式的. be 后的动词有两种形式：be + V-ing(现在分词) 表进行时态,be + Vp.p(过去分词)表被动语态.
