hedid so well that the boutcher often let him do all the thi

He did so well that the boutcher often let him do all the things while he went into a room behind the shop to do the accounts.
这是一个so...that...的句式
he did so well是主句,后面是结果状语从句that...
let him do这是一个句式,让...做,这个do后面又有宾语all the things
再后面的while引导一个时间状语从句
he went into a room他走进后屋
behind the shop是后置定语,修饰前面的room
to do the accounts为目的的状语,他进后屋的目的是做帐