calculate是to use numbers to find out a total number,amount,distance,etc.“计算,核算”之意.或是to guess sth or form an opinion by using all the information available.预测,推测之意.
measure是to find the size,quantity,etc. of sth in standard units.“测量,度量”之意或是to judge the importance,value or effect of sth“估量,判定”之意或是to be a particular size,length,amount,etc.“量度为”之意
以上解释均源于商务印书馆牛津高阶英汉双解辞典
