谁能给我一些英语的近义词?越多越好哦!

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谁能给我一些英语的近义词?越多越好哦!
1个回答 分类:英语 2014-10-19

问题解答:

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compete、contest和match三个字都作「竞争」和「比赛」解,其间有什么差别呢?
Compete指两个(或一些)人或派别之间,为达到某种目标而进行的竞争.例如:
Only two men are competing for the cup (只有两人在争夺奖杯).
The US and Iraqi armies were competing for victory in the battle (美伊两军打仗时各自在争取胜利).
Contest是为夺取胜利而展开竞争或进行比赛,或为获得控制权或某种优势而争夺.例如:
There are three candidates entering the contest for the presidency (有三名侯选人参加总统竞选).
若作为及物动词,contest亦可解作「提出异议」,例如:
The father of the deceased billionaire contests the will (那已过身的亿万富豪之父对遗嘱提出异议).
Match则表示与人对抗或比试,例如:
The boy matches his strength with his brother (男孩与其兄弟比试力气).
Match也可解作「匹敌」,例如:
For food no country can match China (至于食物,没有一个国家可与中国媲美).
Contest和match尚可作名词用,习惯上说 a beauty contest、a speech contest,但a basketball match .
Agree to与Agree with的分别
按agree with是「赞成」,其受词可以是人、计划、分析、建议等,例如:
(1) I agree with the proposal(我赞成这个建议).
(2) I agree with his analysis of the situation(我同意他对情况的分析).
(3) I agree with every word you’ve just said(你刚才说的每一个字我都同意).
agree to则可能不赞成,但仍然接受,例如:
(1) As I had no choice, I had to agree to their very harsh terms(我别无办法,唯有答应他们苛刻的要求).
(2) I agree to the proposal(我可能不赞成,但仍接受这个建议).
不少人都听过以下说法: You agree with somebody but agree to something (同意某人的话,是agree with;同意某件事,是agree to).
但请看张道真《现代英语用法词典》所引英国小说家沃尔蒲(Hugh Walpole)
They might not agree with his opinions (他们未必赞同他的意见)、
名作家王尔德(Oscar Wilde)
I don't agree with a single word that you have said (你说的话,我一个字都不赞同)
二语,你就会发觉「不能说agree with something」的原则子虚乌有.
earnest、serious和solemn三字之间有何区别?
此三字均有「严肃的」之意,但其间有差别,或另有不同的意思,不宜错用.
Earnest即serious或over-serious,意为严肃的,或非常严肃的,例如:
He is an earnest student of English.
他学英文十分认真.
但不要说I am earnest,而应说I am in earnest,与I am serious意思相仿,可译作「我是认真的」.
Earnest亦可解作showing sincerity,意为态度热诚,例如:
He is earnest about giving his son a good education.
他热切地要给儿子良好的教育.
Serious即dealing with important issues或not joking,意为严肃的,或不是说笑的,例如:
I am serious about doing it.
我做此事是当真的.
但serious亦可解作severe,意为严重的,例如:
This country is faced with a serious crisis.
这个国家面临一个严重的危机.
Solemn则是of a very serious nature,或of a formal nature,或sombre in appearance,意为
非常严重的,或庄严的,或老气横秋的,例如:
The organ played solemn music.
风琴奏出壮严的音乐.
He looked as solemn as a judge.
他神色凝重,看上去像个法官.
Sick和ill有甚么分别?
Sick、ill都解作「病了」,但英国人多说ill,美国人多说sick.She is/looks ill或she is/looks sick都
是说「她病了/她一脸病容」.
此外,ill一般不会用在名词之前,例如「患病的孩子」多叫a sick child,很少叫an ill child,除非
ill字有副词(adverb)修饰,例如a critically ill child(病情危殆的孩子).泛指病人,也多说
the sick,很少说the ill,例如: He devoted his life to helping the sick(他一生致力帮助病
人).「病假」、「病假津贴」也叫sick leave、sick pay,不用ill字.只是「健康不好」却叫ill
health,不可叫sick health.
说患病,人是sick或ill都可以,但动物一般是sick而不是ill,植物更是可sick不可ill,例如: The
pot plants are sick (那些盆栽植物患病).
Sick和ill最大的分别,在于sick可以指「作呕」,ill却不可以.所以晕船、晕车、晕飞机等,英文
叫seasick、carsick、airsick.「她搭车作呕」英文就是She felt sick in the car.然则I was sick
yesterday 是「我昨天病了」还是「我昨天呕吐」?在美国,这得看情况 能回答;在英国,则
应是指「我昨天呕吐」和I was ill yesterday (我昨天病了)不同.
留意病情转坏不可叫iller 、 sicker等,只可用worse来说,例如: He fell ill yesterday and
today he is worse (他昨天生病,今天病得更厉害).
Real、genuine二字怎样分别?
Real、genuine都可译做「真的」.Genuine多用来指不是伪造的,但也可以说感情真挚,例
如: (1) It is made of genuine leather(那是用真皮做的). (2) There is a genuine
painting by Picasso(有一幅毕加索的真 ). (3) He had a genuine interest in child
welfare(他真心关怀儿童福利).
Real可以指「与现实相符」,例如: The Nanking massacre is one of the real events is
history that some people would rather forget(历史上一些确凿的事实,是有些人宁愿忘记
的,例如南京大屠杀).不过,real也有「名副其实」、「不是赝品」的含义,所以,「真皮」
译做real leather也可以.你还可以说a real painting、a real interest等.Genuine强调的,是事
物本身的真实;real强调的,则是事实和名称相符.
留意real还有「典型的」、「上好的」含义,多用来说食物,例如 At last I was able to get
some real coffee(我终于喝到真正的咖啡了),是说这样的咖啡才配称咖啡,并非说其他是假
咖啡.
Enclosed和Attached的分别
To attach原指「钉或夹在一起」,用钉书机、万字夹等把文件和信函钉或夹在一起,就是
attach;例如:Details of my qualifications and experience are on the attached sheet.应征
信和履历一般分别写在不同的纸张,严格来说,如把信函和附件钉或夹在一起,该用attach一
词,如只信函和附件只是放在一起寄出,就该用enclosed.两词用法分明,主要是看信函和附
件是否钉或夹在一起.查看日常有附件的信函,不难发觉,在现代英语中,enclosed和
attached的用法己无分别.但假如附件不是文件,而是一件或一箱东西,就该有enclosed,例
如:Enclosed are half a dozen samples of the AH19004 combs you requested.因不能把梳
子的样本夹在信函上,故不应用attached.
此外,有些人喜欢用比较传的句法,例如:Please find enclosed/attached our latest
catalogue for your reference;比较简单而意思一样的写法是:Enclosed is our latest
catalogue for your reference或I enclose our latest catalogue for your reference.切记不要
在enclosed或attached之后加上herewith,因herewith是with this letter的意思,加上后无疑
是画蛇添足.
everyday与every day之间有何区别?
Everyday作形容词,表示每天的,或日常的,或平凡的,例如:
This is a matter of everyday occurrence.
这只是一件普通小事(平常事).
至於every day,则十分简单,表示每一天,例如:
She goes to school every day.
她天天上学.
有些人要加强语气,常在every和day之间加上single,例如:
She comes to see us every single day.
她每天都来看我们.
Content和contents有什么分别
Content、contents都可以译做「内容」,但contents一般指具体的事物,content则指抽象的
意念.事物的成分,集合而言是contents,单独而言是content,例如 : (1) This beverage
has a low fat content (这种饮料的脂肪成分很低). (2) The contents of the beverage
remain unclear (这种饮料的成分仍然不清楚).
说容器里盛载的东西,一般都有实质,即contents,例如:A customs official carefully
examined the contents of the suitcase (一位海关人员仔细检查手提箱里的东西).这个
contents没有单数形式,不可说a content.
书本的内容是content还是contents?两个说法都可以,但意思不同:content指贯彻全书的意
念,contents则是指书中各章节的内容.例如:(1) The content of the book is about
keeping fit (这本书以保健为题材). (2) The contents of the book are quite interesting
(这本书各章的内容很有趣).
由于contents指具体内容,说书本的目录,自然要用复数形式,例如:A table of contents/A
contents usually provides a useful guide to what is said in a book (看目录,通常可以知道
一本书说的是什么).
elder brother、older brother 及big brother有可区别?
Elder brother用以表示兄弟长幼之分,例如:
He is my elder brother.
他是我的哥哥.
要注意,美国人常用older brother来代替elder brother.
Older brother则有比较哥哥之间长幼的意思,例如:
I have an older brother.
虽可译成「我有一个哥哥」,实际上却表示「我有一个哥哥,他比此前提到过的另一个哥哥年长」 .
Big brother也解作哥哥,或大哥,但亦可指无血缘关系的人,如社团、童党等的大佬.
另外,奥威尔(George Orwell)小说《一九八四年》中有一个Big Brother,意为独裁者,
或「侵犯个人私隐,严控民众的国家组织」.当然,这是一个特例
如何辩析document和documentation
1. document应该更common一些,documentation在“文件的提供”的解释方面是document所没有的.
2.document 是文件
documentation 是较抽象、广义的名词,意思包括纪录,文件整理,文件系统等等.
有人如此分辨:
document = 文件
documentation = 文献
3.简单地说,document多指具体的文件和文档,而documentation多指文件或文档的编制,侧重于编制文件这一动作.当然,后者也可以指文献资料总称.
具体详见它们的英文解释.
4.可否把"form"归结为“documentation"而非"document"?
问得好.就用这个例子解释.
Form(s) 本身,填好的,没填好的,都是document(s).
填 form 的动作、目的,将填好的forms(复数)汇总建立系统,建成的系统等等,就是documentation.
5.documentation (不可数名词)
Documentation consists of documents which provide proof or evidence of something, or are a record of something.
例: Passengers must carry proper documentation.
Document(可数名词)
- A document is one or more official pieces of paper with writing on them.
- A document is a piece of text or graphics, for example a letter, that is stored as a file on a computer and that you can access in order to read it or change it.
例: When you are finished typing, remember to save your document.
She carefully filed all the documents.
6.参考文件使用"reference documentation" 就比较适合,而一般的,如文件编号,文件名称则直接使用“document”表达即可.
7.documentation是指一些正式的文献,资料等. 而document只是指普通的文件而已,例如一些办公室的文件等.
Let,lend和borrow有什么分别
借办公室、厕所、电话等给人用,英文不可说lend somebody the office/ toilet/ telephone等,只可说let somebody use the office/toilet/telephone.例如: Mr Chan is kind enough to let us use his office for the meeting this Friday(陈先生惠然借出办公室供我们本星期五开会).无论意思是「借给人」的lend还是「向人借」的borrow,一般都是指暂时拿去、用后归还;假如不拿走,就不用这两个字.所以,向图书馆借了本书,可以说I borrowed a book from the library;借人家的字典当场查查,则应说"May I use your dictionary?",不应说"May I borrow your dictionary?".
Little与small有可分别?
Little通常指小和可爱,往往带有感情色彩,它的反义词是great.例如:
a handy little calculator轻便的小计算器
a little girl一个可爱(或可怜) 的小女孩
a little house是指小巧玲珑的房子
Stanley loved the feminine facial aspects of Beatrice, her soft clear skin, her large eyes, her little ears.
斯坦利喜欢阿特丽思女性气质的脸质——她那软软的,干干净净的皮肤,大大的眼睛,和小巧的耳朵
Small是中性词,不带感情色彩,主要用来强调形体大小,它的反义词是large.
例如:
a small girl一个年龄(或身材) 不大的女孩
a small house是指面积(或容量) 不大的房子
此外;little和small在修饰某些名词时,会产生不同的意思.例如:
little money是没有多少钱
small money是面额小的钱币
Think of 和 think about
说「思念」或「对某人、某事的看法」,think of和think about可以通用,例如:
(1) What do you think of / about his proposal? (你对他的建议有甚么意见?)
(2) He often thinks of / about his parents (他经常想念父母).
但是,说「考虑」,一般用think about,例如:
I will think about the plan, and see if it is feasible (我会考虑这个计划,看看可不可行).
说「记起」、「有意(做某事)」和「想像」,则用think of,例如:
(1) I just can't think of her name (我就是记不起她的名字).
(2) We are thinking of selling our home (我们有意把房子出售).
以上是think of、think about的主要异同.
For example与such as的用法及区别
1)for example和such as都可当作“例如”解.但such as用来列举事
物,插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间.例如:
The farm grows various kinds of crops, such as wheat, corn, cotton and rice.
这个农场种植各种各样的庄稼,例如麦子,玉米,棉花和稻米.
2)for example意为用来举例说明,有时可作为独立语,插在句中,不影
响句子其他部分的语法关系.例如:
A lot of people here, for example, Mr John, would rather have coffee.
这儿的许多人,例如约翰先生,宁愿喝咖啡.
【注意】
(a)such as一般不宜与and so on连用.
(b)对前面的复数名词部分起列举作用,一般不全部列出.故不可以说:
He knows four languages, such as Chinese, English, French and German. 应将such as改成
namely, 后面加逗号.即:He knows four languages, namely, Chinese, English, French and
German.
fragrance、odour、scent、perfume及smell之间的区别?
Fragrance意为芬芳,尤指花香,颇具诗意,例如:
The air was full of fragrance of violets.
空气中散发着紫罗兰的香味.
须注意,fragrance是文学书面语,平时说话鲜少使用.
Odour(美国人串为odor)表示气味,是香或是臭,则须按修饰语来决定,例如:
I find the odor of hay especially pleasing.
我觉得干草的清香格外宜人.
He is in bad odor.
他声名狼藉.
Scent一般指较弱的香味,例如:
Al Pacino starred in Scent of a Woman.
阿帕仙努主演「女人香」.
Perfume则指较浓的香味,或指香水,例如:
It smells of the perfume of flower.
此物散发花香.
Smell即为嗅到的气味,强调加在嗅觉器官上的效果;有时亦指难闻的气味,例如:
I like the smell in the country after rain.
我喜欢雨后乡间的气息.
There is always some smell about him.
他身上总有异味.
"How about" 和 "What about" 有何差异?
在表达提出某种建议的意思「... 怎么样;... 好吗?」时,"How about" 和 "What about" 是可以互换的,亦即意思是一样的:"How/What about a drink?" (喝杯酒怎么样?;喝杯酒好吗?).再举一例:"Where should we go on vacation?" "How about Hawaii?" "What about Japan?" (「我们该去那里度假呢?」,「去夏威夷怎么样?」,「去日本好吗?」).若是征求意见或打听消息,你只能使用 "What about":"What about the university?" (强调 about 这个字) -- 这是 "How about ." 无法表达的意思.但 "How about" 可以用来表达对事物的惊讶:"How about those dogs?" -- "What about " 则没有这项意思.此外,如果你提供多项事物让人选择,那么必须使用 "How about" 才能克竟全功:"Here are three jackets you might buy. How about the grey one?".
By turns与in turn的分别
By turns意指「轮流地」、「交替地」、(one after another; alternately or in rotation); in turn则指「依次相继地」.例如:
They sang song by turns.
他们轮流唱歌.
We sang the song in turn.
我们依照次序唱歌.
war和warfare二字有什么分别?
按war、warfare一般都译做「战争」,但warfare多是指某种战术或战争,例如chemical warfare(化学战)、germ warfare(细菌战)、maritime warfare(海战)、economic warfare(经济战)等.又warfare是不可数名词,war则做可数或不可数名词都可以,所以「一场战争」不可能说a warfare,只能说a war.当然,war、warfare都可解作「战争行为」,有时可以通用,例如:War/Warfare broke out between China and Japan in 1937(一九三七年,中日战争爆发).
 
 
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