问题描述:
英语翻译
Selection of formwork system
6.1 Introduction
Some confusion is liable to occur when using the term ‘formwork system’ so that the term should be first of all defined.Each formwork manufacturing company has what is termed a formwork system but for the contractor the term must be considered from a different aspect.The simplest definition would be:’An assembly of versatile formwork plant and elements,making up a complete mould for the concrete,including all supporting construction and scaffolds,which can be used repeatedly by the site operatives throughout a contract.’
Formwork systems should never be decided on site.The choice of a system has to be governed by several factors which include:
1.Available formwork elements.
2.Available plant.
3.Hire or purchase of formwork.
4.Formwork costs.
5.Design of formwork.
Such factors can only be decided in the formwork office by the responsible manager who will have the advice of the planner,designer,and plant controller.By keeping this decision centrally within the company there will be a decisive increase in the use of plant and costs will be as low as possible.This does not mean,of course,that the contracts manager or supervisor has nothing to say in the choice of formwork,because they should always be consulted,and if there is a choice they can state their preference,but the final decision can only be made when considering the company as a whole and not the interests of one site.The supervisory staff should not be forced to use a formwork system they do not want but should be persuaded by sound technical advice and costs.
It will be found that almost every contract is different,at least partially,to the previous contracts carried out,so that each contract has to be viewed from its own special circumstances and is a challenge to the ingenuity of the formwork planner and designers.When determining a system it must be remembered that foundations,columns,walls,beams and floors can have a combined system or each its own system.This is best illustrated by tunnel formwork whereby the walls and floors in cross-wall construction are cast simultaneously with one formwork element,the combination of these elements as a whole being also a system.
Taking each part of the construction separately it will readily be seen whether several systems are necessary or combined systems.It may even be found that the building is so complicated that it does not lend itself at all to a so-called 'system' but will have to be constructed by traditional means (or loose formwork).In this manner the decision will therefore be made to design a system for each part of the construction.When comparing costs it is always useful to have quotations from formwork manufacturers for ready-made systems as these can often prove to be more economical.It must also be said that systems are not only for larger firms,the contract will decide whether a system is worth using or not.
Selection of formwork system
6.1 Introduction
Some confusion is liable to occur when using the term ‘formwork system’ so that the term should be first of all defined.Each formwork manufacturing company has what is termed a formwork system but for the contractor the term must be considered from a different aspect.The simplest definition would be:’An assembly of versatile formwork plant and elements,making up a complete mould for the concrete,including all supporting construction and scaffolds,which can be used repeatedly by the site operatives throughout a contract.’
Formwork systems should never be decided on site.The choice of a system has to be governed by several factors which include:
1.Available formwork elements.
2.Available plant.
3.Hire or purchase of formwork.
4.Formwork costs.
5.Design of formwork.
Such factors can only be decided in the formwork office by the responsible manager who will have the advice of the planner,designer,and plant controller.By keeping this decision centrally within the company there will be a decisive increase in the use of plant and costs will be as low as possible.This does not mean,of course,that the contracts manager or supervisor has nothing to say in the choice of formwork,because they should always be consulted,and if there is a choice they can state their preference,but the final decision can only be made when considering the company as a whole and not the interests of one site.The supervisory staff should not be forced to use a formwork system they do not want but should be persuaded by sound technical advice and costs.
It will be found that almost every contract is different,at least partially,to the previous contracts carried out,so that each contract has to be viewed from its own special circumstances and is a challenge to the ingenuity of the formwork planner and designers.When determining a system it must be remembered that foundations,columns,walls,beams and floors can have a combined system or each its own system.This is best illustrated by tunnel formwork whereby the walls and floors in cross-wall construction are cast simultaneously with one formwork element,the combination of these elements as a whole being also a system.
Taking each part of the construction separately it will readily be seen whether several systems are necessary or combined systems.It may even be found that the building is so complicated that it does not lend itself at all to a so-called 'system' but will have to be constructed by traditional means (or loose formwork).In this manner the decision will therefore be made to design a system for each part of the construction.When comparing costs it is always useful to have quotations from formwork manufacturers for ready-made systems as these can often prove to be more economical.It must also be said that systems are not only for larger firms,the contract will decide whether a system is worth using or not.
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