Albert Einstein(German pronunciation (help·info)) (March 14,1879 – April 18,1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely considered to have been one of the greatest physicists of all time.While best known for the theory of relativity (and specifically mass-energy equivalence,E=mc²),he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics “for his services to Theoretical Physics,and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.”[1]
Einstein's many contributions to physics include his special theory of relativity,which reconciled mechanics with electromagnetism,and his general theory of relativity which extended the principle of relativity to nonuniform motion,creating a new theory of gravitation.His other contributions include relativistic cosmology,capillary action,critical opalescence,classical problems of statistical mechanics and their application to quantum theory,an explanation of the Brownian movement of molecules,atomic transition probabilities,the quantum theory of a monatomic gas,thermal properties of light with low radiation density (which laid the foundation for the photon theory),a theory of radiation including stimulated emission,the conception of a unified field theory,and the geometrization of physics.
Works by Albert Einstein include more than fifty scientific papers but also non-scientific works,including About Zionism:Speeches and Lectures by Professor Albert Einstein.(1930),Why War?(1933,co-authored by Sigmund Freud),The World As I See It (1934),Out of My Later Years (1950),and a book on science for the general reader,The Evolution of Physics (1938,co-authored by Leopold Infeld).[2]
In 1999 Einstein was named Time magazine's "Person of the Century".In popular culture the name "Einstein" has become synonymous with genius.
