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英语翻译
Cloning and DNA
Many people think that the science of genetics and cloning is resent.It’s certainly true that in 1953,Watson and Crick ,two scientists at Cambridge University,England ,discovered the structure of the acid DNA---a transparent twisting ladder made of the fundamental components of life.But in fact,it was in 1866 that Mendel first recorded the results of growing pea plants.He understood that both the parent plants had influenced the genetic make-up of the new plant.
In 1973,biochemists Cohen and Boyer discovered a procedure to use enzymes chemicals formed in the body----to unzip the DNA,to cut out a sequence of genes,and finally to insert them into the host cell and combine with its DNA.
Cloning takes the DNA from a single cell to create a whole new individual.A clone is an organism which is genetically identical to another one.But it’s now certain that no clone is an exact copy because of differences in experiences and upbringing.
There are at least two teams of scientists which are trying to clone humans .Although controversial,there are many valid reasons to do so.An Italian doctor wants to offer cloning as an optional treatment for couples who find it difficult to have have children.But anyone who was a clone of one of their parents would be under unknown psychological pressure throughout their childhood.
Cloning and DNA
Many people think that the science of genetics and cloning is resent.It’s certainly true that in 1953,Watson and Crick ,two scientists at Cambridge University,England ,discovered the structure of the acid DNA---a transparent twisting ladder made of the fundamental components of life.But in fact,it was in 1866 that Mendel first recorded the results of growing pea plants.He understood that both the parent plants had influenced the genetic make-up of the new plant.
In 1973,biochemists Cohen and Boyer discovered a procedure to use enzymes chemicals formed in the body----to unzip the DNA,to cut out a sequence of genes,and finally to insert them into the host cell and combine with its DNA.
Cloning takes the DNA from a single cell to create a whole new individual.A clone is an organism which is genetically identical to another one.But it’s now certain that no clone is an exact copy because of differences in experiences and upbringing.
There are at least two teams of scientists which are trying to clone humans .Although controversial,there are many valid reasons to do so.An Italian doctor wants to offer cloning as an optional treatment for couples who find it difficult to have have children.But anyone who was a clone of one of their parents would be under unknown psychological pressure throughout their childhood.
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