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Citizenship is membership in a political community (originally a city or town but now usually a country) and carries with it rights to political participation; a person having such membership is a citizen.It is largely coterminous with nationality,[citation needed] although it is possible to have a nationality without being a citizen (i.e.,be legally subject to a state and entitled to its protection without having rights of political participation in it); it is also possible to have political rights without being a national of a state.In most nations,a non-citizen is a non-national and called either a foreigner or an alien.
Citizenship is the political rights of an individual within a society.Thus,you can have a citizenship from one country and be a national of another country.For example,a Cuban-American might be considered a national of Cuba due to his being born there,but he could also become an American citizen through naturalization.Nationality derives from either place of birth (i.e.jus soli),parentage (i.e.jus sanguinis),or ethnicity and religion (as in Israel).Citizenship derives from a legal relationship with a state.Citizenship can be gained through naturalization and lost through denaturalization.
Citizenship status often implies some responsibilities and duties under social contract theory."Active citizenship" is the philosophy that citizens should work towards the betterment of their community through economic participation,public service,volunteer work,and other such efforts to improve life for all citizens.In this vein,schools in some countries provide citizenship education.
