【Android 开发】 :Activity之间传递数据的几种方式

1. 使用Intent来传递数据Intent表示意图,很多时候我们都会利用Android的Intent来在各个Activity之间传递数据,这也是Android比较官方的一种数据传递的方式需求1：从一个Activity(IntentDemo)跳转到另外一个Activity(Other),其中利用Intent来传递数据程序Demo如下：IntentDemo.javapackage com.android.intentdemo; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class IntentDemo extends Activity { private Button button; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); initComponent(); button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent intent = new Intent(IntentDemo.this, Other.class); // 在Intent中传递数据 intent.putExtra("name", "AHuier"); intent.putExtra("age", 22); intent.putExtra("address", "XiaMen"); // 启动Intent startActivity(intent); } }); } private void initComponent() { button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button); } } other.javapackage com.android.intentdemo; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.TextView; public class Other extends Activity { private TextView textView; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.other); initComponent(); Intent intent = getIntent(); int age = intent.getIntExtra("age", 0); String name = intent.getStringExtra("name"); String address = intent.getStringExtra("address"); textView.setText("My age is " + age + "\n" + "My name is " + name + "\n" + "My address " + address); } private void initComponent() { textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.msg); } } ——>2. 在Activity之间使用静态变量传递数据在上例中使用Intent可以很方便的在不同的Activity之间传递数据,这个也是官方推荐的方式,但是也有一定的局限性,就是Intent无法传递不能序列化的对象.我们可以使用静态变量来解决这个问题.需求1：从一个Activity(IntentDemo)跳转到另外一个Activity(Other),其中利用静态变量来传递数据程序Demo：IntentDemo.java Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setClass(IntentDemo.this, Other.class); Other.age = 22; Other.name = "AHuier"; Other.address = "XiaMen"; startActivity(intent); Other.java private TextView textView; public static int age; public static String name; public static String address; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.other); initComponent(); textView.setText("My age is " + age + "\n" + "My name is " + name + "\n" + "My address " + address); }——>3. 通剪切板传递数据 在Activity之间数据传递还可以利用一些技巧,不管是Windows还是Linux操作系统,都会支持一种剪切板的技术,也就是一个程序将一些数据复制到剪切板上,然后其他的任何程序都可以从剪切板中获取数据.1) 利用剪切板传递普通的数据,如字符串\x0d需求1：从一个Activity(IntentDemo)跳转到另外一个Activity(Other),通过剪切板传递数据 程序Demo：IntentDemo.java\x0dClipboardManager clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager) getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE); String name = "AHuier"; clipboardManager.setText(name); Intent intent = new Intent(IntentDemo.this, Other.class); startActivity(intent);Other.javaClipboardManager clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager) getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE); String msgString = clipboardManager.getText().toString(); textView.setText(msgString);——> 1) 利用剪切板传递复杂的数据,如对象需求1：从一个Activity(IntentDemo)跳转到另外一个Activity(Other),通过剪切板传递数据新建一个MyData.javapackage com.android.intentdemo; import java.io.Serializable; public class MyData implements Serializable { private String name; private int age; public MyData(String name, int age) { super(); this.name = name; this.age = age; } // 提供一个toString()方法 @Override public String toString() { return "MyData [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]"; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } } IntentDemo.java MyData myData = new MyData("AHuier", 22); //将对象转换成字符串 ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); String base64String = ""; try { ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(byteArrayOutputStream); objectOutputStream.writeObject(myData); //使用Android中提供的 Base64 工具类,这个类主要是用来对对象进行压缩也解码的过程,使用默认方式 base64String = Base64.encodeToString(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray(), Base64.DEFAULT); objectOutputStream.close(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception } ClipboardManager clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager)getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE); clipboardManager.setText(base64String); Intent intent = new Intent(IntentDemo.this, Other.class); startActivity(intent); Other.java ClipboardManager clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager) getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE); String msgString = clipboardManager.getText().toString(); //将字符串 msgString 还原为对象 byte[] base64_byte = Base64.decode(msgString, Base64.DEFAULT); ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(base64_byte); try { ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(byteArrayInputStream); MyData myData = (MyData)objectInputStream.readObject(); textView.setText(myData.toString()); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception }——>4.Intent中使用全局变量来传递数据需求1：从一个Activity(Main)跳转到另外一个Activity(Other),通过全局变量来传递数据Main.javaprivate Button button; private MyApp myApp; ... myApp = (MyApp)getApplication(); myApp.setName("kunhuixu"); //修改之后的名称 Intent intent = new Intent(Main.this, Other.class); startActivity(intent);Other.javaprivate MyApp myApp; private TextView textView; ... myApp = (MyApp)getApplication(); textView.setText("--- The app name ---" + myApp.getName());MyApp.javapackage com.android.intentglobal; import android.app.Application; /* * 查看Android官方文档. * Application 是所有那些需要维护全局application状态的基类.你可以提供你自己的实现机制通过在在AndroidManifest.xml中提供你自己的需要声明 * 的标记你自己的标签. * onCreate()方法是在应用程序启动的时候被回调的. ——