请网友解析语法:分词作状语

问题描述:

请网友解析语法:分词作状语
1个回答 分类:英语 2014-09-24

问题解答:

我来补答
首先弄清过去分词作状语的最基本特点,初步认识过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作.例如:
Written in a hurry,this article was not so good!
因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好.
析:written 为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写.
值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦).
Lost / Absorbed in deep thought,he didn't hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音.
Born in this beautiful town,he hates to leave it.
出生于这个美丽的小镇,他不愿离开它.
然后是明确过去分词作状语时的逻辑主语
过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致.例如:
Given another hour,I can also work out this problem.
再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.
析:given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语 I ,即 I 被再给一个小时.
Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful to us.
从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮.
析:seen 为过去分词作状语,表“被看”,由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是“我们”,因为“我们”应主动看城市.
值得注意的是,如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构.例如:
The signal given,the bus started.
信号一发出,汽车就开动了.
析:the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 the bus 就不是 given 的逻辑主语.
Her head held high,she went by.
她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去.
析:her head 是 held high 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 she 就不再是 held high 的逻辑主语.
再次要弄清过去分词作状语的由来
过去分词作状语来源于状语从句.例如:
Caught in a heavy rain,he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了.
析:caught in a heavy rain 为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句 Because he was caught in a heavy rain.
Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.
析:grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil.
值得注意的是,状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成“连词+过去分词”结构作状语.
When given a medical examination,you should keep calm.
当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.
最后要明确过去分词作状语的位置.
过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开.例如:
He stood there silently,moved to tears.= Moved to tears,he stood there silently.
他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶.
 
 
展开全文阅读
剩余:2000
上一页:第九题,详解
下一页:gyyv