问题描述：
英语翻译
As mentioned in the introduction,we hypothesize that the pore filling mechanisms (and thus the residual saturation) change
at the onset of overshoot.In essence,at the overshoot capillary number,the viscous flow in the main wetting front becomes
equal or greater than the capillary driven flow through the layers.In other words,below the overshoot capillary number,only
capillary driven flows control where the fluids are emplaced at the pore-scale,above this number,the viscous forces begin to
play a role.If this hypothesis is true,the overshoot capillary number should be the same for all different fluids when using
the same porous media.To test this hypothesis we plot the overshoot capillary number versus the viscosity of the fluid.
Figure 10 shows the overshoot capillary number as a function of viscosity for all seven fluids used in the study.Over a range
of viscosity of (0.3 - 1.9 x 10
-3
Pas),we see that the overshoot capillary number has a cluster around 1.45 x 10
-6
for all of the
fluids used with the exception of water.
If the overshoot capillary number is where the viscous forces start playing a role,the transition capillary number is
hypothesized to be where the viscous forces dominate the capillary forces.Experimentally,we see very little residual
saturation above this transition capillary number for each fluid,although the light transmission shows a slight increase in
wetting phase (and thus slight decrease in residual nonwetting phase) with increasing capillary number (Region I).The
significance of this decrease is hard to determine,as it may just be an experimental artifact from using finite sized columns
[DiCarlo,2004,Glass et.Al,1989].In any case,to test the transition capillary number hypothesis,Figure 11 shows the
transition capillary number as a function of viscosity for all seven fluids used.As with the overshoot,we observe that the
transition capillary number is closely spaced (with a vlue of roughly 1.085 x 10
-6
) For all the fluids except for water.
In analogy to the capillary desaturation curve shown in Fig 1,we propose that the overshoot capillary number corresponds to
the critical capillary number,and the transition capillary number corresponds to the leveling off of the CDC at high capillary
numbers.This analogy does not seem to be complete though.First,the range of a typical CDC is about 3 orders of
magnitude,while in the overshoot experiments,the transition and overshoot flux differ by only 1 order of magnitude.
As mentioned in the introduction,we hypothesize that the pore filling mechanisms (and thus the residual saturation) change
at the onset of overshoot.In essence,at the overshoot capillary number,the viscous flow in the main wetting front becomes
equal or greater than the capillary driven flow through the layers.In other words,below the overshoot capillary number,only
capillary driven flows control where the fluids are emplaced at the pore-scale,above this number,the viscous forces begin to
play a role.If this hypothesis is true,the overshoot capillary number should be the same for all different fluids when using
the same porous media.To test this hypothesis we plot the overshoot capillary number versus the viscosity of the fluid.
Figure 10 shows the overshoot capillary number as a function of viscosity for all seven fluids used in the study.Over a range
of viscosity of (0.3 - 1.9 x 10
-3
Pas),we see that the overshoot capillary number has a cluster around 1.45 x 10
-6
for all of the
fluids used with the exception of water.
If the overshoot capillary number is where the viscous forces start playing a role,the transition capillary number is
hypothesized to be where the viscous forces dominate the capillary forces.Experimentally,we see very little residual
saturation above this transition capillary number for each fluid,although the light transmission shows a slight increase in
wetting phase (and thus slight decrease in residual nonwetting phase) with increasing capillary number (Region I).The
significance of this decrease is hard to determine,as it may just be an experimental artifact from using finite sized columns
[DiCarlo,2004,Glass et.Al,1989].In any case,to test the transition capillary number hypothesis,Figure 11 shows the
transition capillary number as a function of viscosity for all seven fluids used.As with the overshoot,we observe that the
transition capillary number is closely spaced (with a vlue of roughly 1.085 x 10
-6
) For all the fluids except for water.
In analogy to the capillary desaturation curve shown in Fig 1,we propose that the overshoot capillary number corresponds to
the critical capillary number,and the transition capillary number corresponds to the leveling off of the CDC at high capillary
numbers.This analogy does not seem to be complete though.First,the range of a typical CDC is about 3 orders of
magnitude,while in the overshoot experiments,the transition and overshoot flux differ by only 1 order of magnitude.
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