直接引语变为间接引语,特殊疑问句和感叹句怎么变啊?还有过去进行完成时句子的结构!

问题描述:

直接引语变为间接引语,特殊疑问句和感叹句怎么变啊?还有过去进行完成时句子的结构!
1个回答 分类:英语 2014-10-23

问题解答:

我来补答
先记口诀,这是指导原则:
感叹句,并不难
how和what应提前.
形容词、副词连着how,
what放在名词前.
具体结构为:
How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序 ;
What +名词+ 陈述语序
What+a+形容词+名词单数+ 陈述语序
What+ 形容词+名词复数+ 陈述语序
What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序
也就是说,在感叹句里,how和what在句首,引导感叹句.如果是对形容词或者是副词感叹,就用how;如果是对名词感叹,就用what.
其中,被感叹的形容词和副词都是指原级;被感叹的名词包括可数名词和不可数名词,绝大多数为可数名词,单复数皆可.
要明确被感叹的对象是形容词、副词还是名词,根据被感叹的对象选择how或what
本例句中,中心词是名词girls,只不过是复数形式,形容词beautiful是用来修饰中心词girls的,是修饰语,不是中心词.所以对名词girls感叹应该用what.
故:What beautiful girls they are!(如果被感叹的名词是单数时,当然也可以说What a beautiful girl she is!)
How beautiful they are!(中心词是形容词beautiful)
再问: 我要的是直接引语感叹句变为间接引语应该怎么变!
再答: 4.直接引语是感叹句时 间接引语为what 或how 引导,也可以用that 引导。 She said, "What a lovely day it is !" →She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day. 5.如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化: (1) 一般现在时变为一般过去时 (2) 现在进行时变为过去进行时 (3) 一般将来时变为过去将来时 (4) 现在完成时变为过去完成时 (5) 一般过去时变为过去完成时 (6) 过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时 [注意] (1) 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时,变为间接引语,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如: The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun." →The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. (2) 如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语,变为间接引语时,一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如: He said to me, "I was born in 1973." →He told me that he was born in 1973. (3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效,变为间接宾语时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如: He said, "I’m a boy, not a girl." →He said that he is a boy ,not a girl. (4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作,在变为间接引时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如: The girl said, "I get up at six every morning." →The girl said that she gets up at six every morning. (5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句中的谓语动词,从句的一般过去时则不变。如: He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ." →He told me that he had taught English since he came here. (6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时,这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如: The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation." →The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation. He said , "I could swim when I was only six ." →He said that he could swim when he was only six.
 
 
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