vi 不及物动词 vt及物动词1)及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词(transitive verb).如：I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议.“How long can I keep the book ”Harry asked.哈里问：“这本书我可以借多久?”Dr.Bethune set us a good example.白求恩大夫给我们树立了好榜样.Crude oil contains many useful substances.原油含有许多有用的物质.2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb).如：Birds fly.鸟会飞.It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三；年六月.My watch stopped.我的表停了.She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.她在昨天晚上的会上发了言.3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词.这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,意义不变.试比较：Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员.(began作及物动词)When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的?(leave 作及物动词)They left last week.他们是上周离开的.(left 作不及物动词)b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,有时意义不尽相同.如：Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手.Does this cloth wash well?这布经得起洗吗?4) 与汉语的比较 有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法,与汉语的用法不一样,请注意下列两种情况：a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词,而汉语则可用作及物动词,如arrive到达,agree同意,1isten听.英语里这些动词后面常接介词.如：We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站.(at不能省去)(比较：We reached the railway station at noon.)Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课.(to不可省去)(比较：We all heard the lecture.)Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词,而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词,如serve为…服务.Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务参考资料：薄冰英语语法
