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英语翻译
Conflict,like stress,can have both beneficial and detrimental consequences to an individual.Some of the benefits that may arise from conflict include (Mayer,2000):(1) recognize talents and innovative abilities; (2) identify an outlet for expression of aggressive urges; (3) introduce innovation and change; (4) diagnose problems or areas of concern; and (5) establish unity.Harmful consequences of prolonged conflict can include a negative effect on emotional and physical well-being,an emphasis on personal welfare over that of the group,a diversion of time and energy from important goals,financial and emotional costs,and personal fatigue.
Most of us experience abundant opportunities for conflict,which may be related to the fact that we bring to our relationships an accumulation of attitudes,beliefs,opinions,and habits.Thus conflict is normal and is not necessarily something to avoid.Although uncomfortable,conflict signals the presence of diverse points of view,which can spark creativity,nourish growth,and strengthen relationships.Maintaining an environment supportive of professional,clear,and sensitive communication enables individuals to fight more productively,with less hurt,and with a greater chance of resolving differences and disagreements.Characteristics of environments that support professional communication are (Gibb,1961):
♦ Empathy:Feeling what the other person is feeling and seeing the situation as they see it; entails believing that the other persons feelings are valid,legitimate and justified.
♦ Equality:All participants in the process are equal; respect for individual differences is appar¬ent and people are comfortable expressing themselves freely and openly.
♦ Openness:Feelings and thoughts are stated directly and honestly; no attempt is made to hide or disguise the real object of disagreement.
♦ Positiveness:Entails capitalizing on agreements and using them as a basis for approaching disagreements and impasses; conflict is viewed as positive and individuals involved express positive feelings for each other and the relationship.
Supportiveness:Feelings are expressed with spontaneity rather than with strategy,requires flexibility and a willingness to change personal opinions and positions.Adopting these communication attitudes and using the positive communication strategies previously discussed can prevent most episodes of conflict in the workplace.However,situations are bound to arise in which the nurse will need to know how to handle a conflict situation and achieve a positive resolution.
Conflict,like stress,can have both beneficial and detrimental consequences to an individual.Some of the benefits that may arise from conflict include (Mayer,2000):(1) recognize talents and innovative abilities; (2) identify an outlet for expression of aggressive urges; (3) introduce innovation and change; (4) diagnose problems or areas of concern; and (5) establish unity.Harmful consequences of prolonged conflict can include a negative effect on emotional and physical well-being,an emphasis on personal welfare over that of the group,a diversion of time and energy from important goals,financial and emotional costs,and personal fatigue.
Most of us experience abundant opportunities for conflict,which may be related to the fact that we bring to our relationships an accumulation of attitudes,beliefs,opinions,and habits.Thus conflict is normal and is not necessarily something to avoid.Although uncomfortable,conflict signals the presence of diverse points of view,which can spark creativity,nourish growth,and strengthen relationships.Maintaining an environment supportive of professional,clear,and sensitive communication enables individuals to fight more productively,with less hurt,and with a greater chance of resolving differences and disagreements.Characteristics of environments that support professional communication are (Gibb,1961):
♦ Empathy:Feeling what the other person is feeling and seeing the situation as they see it; entails believing that the other persons feelings are valid,legitimate and justified.
♦ Equality:All participants in the process are equal; respect for individual differences is appar¬ent and people are comfortable expressing themselves freely and openly.
♦ Openness:Feelings and thoughts are stated directly and honestly; no attempt is made to hide or disguise the real object of disagreement.
♦ Positiveness:Entails capitalizing on agreements and using them as a basis for approaching disagreements and impasses; conflict is viewed as positive and individuals involved express positive feelings for each other and the relationship.
Supportiveness:Feelings are expressed with spontaneity rather than with strategy,requires flexibility and a willingness to change personal opinions and positions.Adopting these communication attitudes and using the positive communication strategies previously discussed can prevent most episodes of conflict in the workplace.However,situations are bound to arise in which the nurse will need to know how to handle a conflict situation and achieve a positive resolution.
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