y
在近处；在旁边
standing by the window 站在窗户旁边
a table by the bed床边的桌子
经；由；从
We came by the back road.我们从后面的小路而来
经过…旁
He walked by me.他从我旁边走过.
在…期间；在…中间
sleeping by day.在白天睡觉
不迟于
By tomorrow he'll be here.他明天就到这儿.
被；由
written by Shakespeare 莎士比亚写的
根据；按照
to play by the rules 按规则比赛
相差
His horse won by a nose.他的马以一鼻之差取胜.
以…方式
She earned money by writing.她靠写作挣钱.
We went by air.我们乘飞机走.
以…的名义
He swore by the Bible to tell the truth.他对圣经发誓要说真话.
表示相（乘）除（以计算面积）
a room 15 feet by 20 feet 一间长20英尺宽15英尺的房间
to divide X by Y 用Y除X
以…计的：
The star received letters by the thousands.这位明星收到数以千计的信件.
逐一；连续
One by one they left.他们一个接一个地离去了.
They were persuaded little by little.他们渐渐被说服了
相关,就…来说
siblings by blood.嫡系亲属
