[A] 指该形容词须直接置于所修饰的单词之后.
例 ：( 正 ) the president {elect}
( 误 ) the elect president
( 误 ) The president is elect.
[B] 指该形容词只能置于所修饰的单词之前.
例 ：( 正 ) the {front} garden
( 误 ) The garden is front.
[C] 可数名词.可以用a/an/one修饰,亦可加-(e)s构成复数,用few/many等修饰.
例 ：{a/one}cat {a}desire {an}apple
three book{s} few factori{es} many idea{s}
[E] 通常不加the的名词.
例 ：Whitehall
Santa Claus
[F] 指该形容词只用作或主要用作表语(predicative),置于系动词之后.
例 ：( 正 ) John is {drunk}
( 误 ) John is a drunk man.
[G] 指后接单、复数动词均可的名词,如集合名词.
例 ：The Government {has} already made it clear.
The Government {are} facing three crises.
注：集合名词单数形后接动词,美式英语多用单数,英式英语则单、复数皆可.
[H] 指该动词常用被动语态.
例 ：Please be seated.
[J] 指只与单数动词或单数代词连用的名词(其形态可以是单数亦可是复数).
例 ：Our clothing {protects} us from the cold.
Physics {is} an interesting subject and I like {it} very much.
[K] 指只与复数动词或复数代词连用的名词(其形态可以是复数亦可单数).
例 ：What {are} his wages?
{These} jeans {are} pretty.
All his cattle {were} grazing in the field.
[L] 系动词(linking verb).这类动词与后接的表语(predicative)一起表述主语的特征或状态.表语可以是形容词、名词、副词,或介词短语等.
1.系动词＋形容词
例 ：These apples taste nice.
2.系动词＋名词
例 ：The hall would make a good theater.
3.系动词＋副词
例 ：What's on tonight?
4.系动词＋介词短语
例 ：She looks like her sister.
5.系动词＋不定式
例 ：He appears to be sincere.
6.系动词＋动名词
例 ：The difficulty is not knowing what to do.
7.系动词＋从句
例 ：The biggest problem was that we didn't have enough funds.
[M] 单复数同形.
例 ：This {sheep} looks small.
All those {sheep} are ours.
[O] 指该及物动词在宾语后尚须接副词或介词短语.
例 ：( 正 ) The porter set the suitcase {down}.
( 误 ) The porter set the suitcase.
( 正 ) She set the child {in the chair}.
( 误 ) She set the child.
[O1]指 ：动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
例 ：He gave me the book.
[O2]指 ：动词＋宾语＋有to的不定式
例 ：I asked him to help her.
[O3]指 ：动词＋宾语＋无to的不定式
例 ：We heard them talk in the next room.
[O4]指 ：动词＋宾语＋v-ing
例 ：I saw him walking across the street.
[O5]指 ：动词＋宾语＋that从句
例 ：He told me that the problem had been solved.
[O6]指 ：动词＋宾语＋wh-从句
例 ：They asked her why she was absent.
[O7]指 ：动词＋宾语＋过去分词
例 ：I'll have my car repaired.
[O8]指 ：动词＋宾语＋形容词
例 ：He considered her suitable for the job.
[O9]指 ：动词＋宾语＋名词
例 ：I considered it a great honor.
[P] 指该词只用复数形.
例 ：The proportion of students in {arts} is high.
[the P] 指该词只用复数形,须与the连用.
例 ：{The authorities} in Russia have refused to compromise.
[P1] 指该词常用复数形.
例 ：meat and {vegetables}
[Q] 指该不及物动词必须后接副词或介词短语.
例 ：( 正 ) Phil behaved {rather oddly}.
( 误 ) Phil behaved.
( 正 ) The mob behaved {like animals}.
( 误 ) The mob behaved.
[R] 指该形容词可与the一起构成名词.
例 ：{The poor} are getting poorer and poorer.
{The deceased} left almost nothing to his wife.
( 正 ) The mob behaved {like animals}.
( 误 ) The mob behaved.
[S] 指该词只用单数形,通常与不定冠词连用.
例 ：Pride comes before {a fall}.
[the S] 指该词只用单数形,通常与定冠词连用.
例 ：{The action} takes place in a small town.
[S1] 指该词常用单数形.
例 ：They put him in a very difficult {position}.
[U] 不可数名词.通常不与a/an/one连用,无复数,后接单数动词,用little/much等修饰.
例 ：{little} water {a lot of} salt {some} furniture
Air {is} a mixture of gases.
[W] 指该动词通常不用进行式.
例 ：( 正 ) He knows how to swim.
( 误 ) He is knowing how to swim.
[Y] 指该动词的宾语不可以是一个名词或代词,但可以是从句或其他短语.
例 ：Then,she added that she would call him again.
[Z] 指该形容词无比较级和最高级.
例 ：( 正 ) a {dead} man
( 误 ) a deader man
( 误 ) the deadest man
