half of +可数名词+(动词原型or三单)

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half of +可数名词+(动词原型or三单)
1个回答 分类:英语 2014-11-29

问题解答:

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half a/an,a half 与 half,half of 的用法
1.在表示半.的数量时,一般用half a...或half an.例如:half a year(半年),half an hour(半小时),half a day(半天).在表示一个数量单位时,不定冠词在half之前,half与单位之间加连字符-.但在美国英语中,无论是表示数量还是单位都不加连字符.例如:a half-apple / a half apple(半个苹果).
2.在表示一个半小时时可以说:one and a half hours或one/an hour and a half;二个半小时可以说:two and a half hours 或 two hours and a half.注意上述两组表示名词复数s位置的变化.
3.half的用法与all和both相同,既可用作形容词(或称限定词)修饰名词,如 half the year,half the work,half the fruit,亦可用作不定代词,受of短语修饰,如:half of the work,half of the year,half of the fruit.这两种表达形式在意义上没有明显的区别.例如:
① Half (of) the girls are foreigners.这些姑娘有一半是外国人.
② Half (of) the fruit was bad.水果有一半是坏的.
③ Half(of) my friends live in this city.我的朋友有一半住在这个城市.
④ In 1620,about half(of) the USA was covered by forests.在1620年,美国一半的土地被森林覆盖着.
注意:1) half +名词或half of+名词作主语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式由所接名词的单复数形式来决定,名词是中心词(见上例句).
2) half,half of后面所接的名词前,必须有表示限定含义的冠词、指示代词、物主代词等等(见上例句).
3) 如果是人称代词,则只能用half of,而且人称代词要用宾格.例如:
① Only half of them came last Sunday.上星期天他们只有一半人来.(不能说:Only half them...或Only half they...)
② Half of you are wrong.你们一半人都错了.(不能说:Half you...)
③ They invited half of us.他们邀请了我们一半人.(不能说:.half us.)
4)在谈论距离、长度和数量时,只能用half,一般不用half of.例如:
①His old house is half a mile down the road.他的旧居在沿着这条路往下走半英里的地方.
②Mr Smith drank half a bottle of whisky last night.史密斯先生昨晚喝了半瓶威士忌酒.
5) half作代词时,后面不跟名词,前面也不使用定冠词.例如:
① We only need half.我们只需要一半.(不能说:We only need the half.)
② I gave her half,and kept half for myself.我给了她一半,自己留了一半.(不能说:I gave the half,...)
4.half也可用作副词.例如:
① I half agree with you.我不完全同意你的意见.
② This meal is only half-cooked.这顿饭做得只有半熟.
5.副词half和not连用,在口语中较为常见.not half 是反语,意为一点也不;非常地;.极了等.例如:
① It is not half bad.(=It is very good.) 很好(很不错)!
② The story is not half interesting.这个故事很有趣.
③ -Do you like Chinese tea?你喜欢喝中国茶吗?
-Oh,not half!噢,喜欢极了!
6.在一本《高中英语解题题典》中有下面一道题(答案是B):
He cut the cake_________.
A.in halves B.in half
C.into halves D.into half
而在另一本《中学英语错解辨析辞典》中给出了下面这道题(答案是C):
The arrow split the apple________.
A.in halfs B.into half
C.into halves D.into halves
很多师生问:上述二道题究竟哪个说法是正确的呢?
笔者认为:cut sth.in half / into halves / in halves的说法都是正确的.只是in halves用得较少.请看下面的实例.
① cut in half(into halves) 对切;切成两半(《最新高级英汉词典》p.492)
② Please cut it in half (into halves).请把它切成两半.(《英汉大词典》p.1441)
③ Fold the bill in half and then in half again.(Essentials of Mathematics,1977)把这张纸币对折一次,然后再对折一次.
④ Cut it in halves.(ALD)把它切成两半.
 
 
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