问题描述：
英语翻译
As against an inlet manifold engine of the same power,the turbo engine requires a smaller installation space and as such has a better power-weight ratio.
The exhaust turbo-charger has,as its main parts,a compressor and an exhaust turbine,whose gears are fitted on to a common shaft.
The exhaust turbine converts a part of its exhaust energy into rotational energy and drives the compressor.This sucks fresh air and supplies the pre-compressed air through turbo-air cooler,throttle valve and inlet manifold to engine.
Positioning element for exhaust turbo-charging.
The petrol engine has,due to its throttled air intake,a large range of variation in exhaust mass flow compared to the Diesel engine.An optimal adaptation of the exhaust turbine is possible only for a limited range.Passenger car engines must reach a high torque even at low speeds.Therefore the turbine housing is designed for a small exhaust mass flow,e.g.,full load at n = 2000 min-1.
In order that exhaust turbo-charger does not now overload the engine,in the event of large flows of exhaust mass,a part of this flow in this range must be taken past the turbine through a bypass valve (“Waste gate”) to the exhaust system.Usually,this bypass valve is integrated in the turbine housing as butterfly valve.Use of poppet valve in a separate housing parallel to turbine is seldom.
Electronic supercharging pressure regulation
In a pneumatic-mechanical regulation,the positioning element of turbo-charger is directly exposed to the supercharging pressure from compressor outlet.Hereby,the torque-characteristics over engine speed can be selected only in very narrow limits.There is only one full load limit over the load.The tolerances can not be regulated as for degree of supercharging at full load.In part loads the closed bypass valve worsens the efficiency.Acceleration from low engine speed can lead to a delayed response of exhaust turbocharger (conspicuous “hole in turbo-charge”.
As against an inlet manifold engine of the same power,the turbo engine requires a smaller installation space and as such has a better power-weight ratio.
The exhaust turbo-charger has,as its main parts,a compressor and an exhaust turbine,whose gears are fitted on to a common shaft.
The exhaust turbine converts a part of its exhaust energy into rotational energy and drives the compressor.This sucks fresh air and supplies the pre-compressed air through turbo-air cooler,throttle valve and inlet manifold to engine.
Positioning element for exhaust turbo-charging.
The petrol engine has,due to its throttled air intake,a large range of variation in exhaust mass flow compared to the Diesel engine.An optimal adaptation of the exhaust turbine is possible only for a limited range.Passenger car engines must reach a high torque even at low speeds.Therefore the turbine housing is designed for a small exhaust mass flow,e.g.,full load at n = 2000 min-1.
In order that exhaust turbo-charger does not now overload the engine,in the event of large flows of exhaust mass,a part of this flow in this range must be taken past the turbine through a bypass valve (“Waste gate”) to the exhaust system.Usually,this bypass valve is integrated in the turbine housing as butterfly valve.Use of poppet valve in a separate housing parallel to turbine is seldom.
Electronic supercharging pressure regulation
In a pneumatic-mechanical regulation,the positioning element of turbo-charger is directly exposed to the supercharging pressure from compressor outlet.Hereby,the torque-characteristics over engine speed can be selected only in very narrow limits.There is only one full load limit over the load.The tolerances can not be regulated as for degree of supercharging at full load.In part loads the closed bypass valve worsens the efficiency.Acceleration from low engine speed can lead to a delayed response of exhaust turbocharger (conspicuous “hole in turbo-charge”.
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