问题描述：
圣霖教育英语小初知识点综合学习
学习提纲
一、词类、句子成分和构词法：
1、词类：英语词类分十种：
名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n .) ： 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.
2、代词(pron. ) ： 主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it .
3、形容词(adj.. ) ：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange .
4、数词(num. ) ： 表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
5、动词(v. ) ： 表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see .
6、副词(adv. ) ： 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词, 说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.
7、冠词(art.. ) ：用在名词前, 帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the.
8、介词(prep. ) ： 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind.
9、连词(conj. ) ： 用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感叹词(interj.. ) 表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello.
2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物, 回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：
2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态, 回答“做(什么) ”。主要由动词担任。如：
3、表语在系动词之后, 说明主语的身份或特征, 回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。
如：(我的名字叫萍萍)
4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果, 回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语, 一个指物, 一个指人。
指物的叫直接宾语, 指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般在直接宾语的前面。如：
有时可把介词to 或for 加在间接宾语前构成短语, 放在直接宾语后面, 来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me .
5、定语修饰名词或代词, 通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：()
6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词, 通常由副词担任。如：()
7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么, 通常由形容词或动词充当。如：☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面, 说明它的情况。如：(你的同学汤姆在哪里？)
3、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。
1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。
2、派生法：(1)派生名词：①动词+er/or ②动词+ing ③动词+(t)ion ④形容词+ness ⑤其他, 如：inventor, learner,
swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容词：①名词+y ②名词+ful ③动词+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese ; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名+(i)an 如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily,nervous, delicious
(3)派生副词：①形容词+ly ②其它, 如：slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly 等等。
3、转换法：
(1)形容词→动词, 如：dry (干燥的) →dry (弄干), clean (干净的) →clean (打扫, 弄干净), 等等。
(2)动词→名词, 如：look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。
(3)名词→动词, 如：hand (手) →(传递), face (脸) →(面对) 等等。
(4)形容词→副词, 如：early →early, fast→fast 等等。
(5)副词→连词, 如：when (什么时候) →(当……时候), 等等。
(6)介词→副词, 如：in (到……里) →(在里面；在家), on (在…上) →(进行, 继续), 等等。
一．名词
I.
II. 名词的数：
1.
2.
III. 名词的所有格：
名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of 加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。
1. ’s
2. ’s3. of 所有格的用法：
用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book
用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students
4. 用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed
4. 双重所有格
1) 名词双重所有格的含义：of+名词所有格称为双重所有格，这种结构中，of 前面是一部分，of 后面是一个整体。 例如：Mr Wang is a friend of my father's. (=Mr Wang is one of my father's friends.) 王先生 是我父亲的一个朋友.
2) 名词双重所有格的构成方法：
a. of前面的名词前面通常有一个含泛指意义的限定词，如a, any, some, no, few, several以及two, three等。例如： Have you read any stories of Lei Feng's? They gave me some books of theirs. Three classmates of my sister's have found good jobs.
b. 有时of 前面的名词前面可以用指示代词this, that表示某种感情色彩。例如：
That answer of Jim's was right. Something is wrong with this eye of mine.
c. of后面带有's 的名词或名词性物主代词通常是特指的人。例如：
That's a book of Lu Xun's. 这是鲁迅的一本书。This is a child of theirs. 那是他们的一个孩子。
3) 名词的双重所有格与―of + 名词‖结构之间的区别：
a.. 句子所表达的侧重点不同。试比较：
He is a friend of my father's. （着重说明―父亲‖的朋友不止一个）
He is a friend of my father. （着重说明―他‖是父亲的一个朋友）
b. of前面是picture 等词时，含义不同。试比较：
This is a picture of my teacher's. 这是我老师收藏的一张照片。
This is a picture of my teacher. 这是我老师的一张照片。
IV 、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：
1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致, 即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时, 谓语动词用单数：(计算机是个了不起的发明) (玻璃杯里的水很冷)
2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等) 做句子主语时,
① 如果表示整体概念, 则谓语用单数形式, 如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)
② 如果表示其中的所有成员时, 则谓语用复数形式, 如：Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图)
3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数, 表示许多时, 谓语用复数。如：the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) (院子里有一些绵羊)
4、maths, news等虽然有s 结尾, 但不是复数, 因此谓语仍用单数： (这个消息令人兴奋)
5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式, 故谓语用复数。如： very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜, 我想买)
6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式, 跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：
baseball now. (大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)
7、and 连接两个名词做主语时, 谓语原则上用复数, 但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时, 谓语则用单数。如：.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) / very famous food.
8、 there be 句型中be 的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：.
9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时, 谓语一般用复数。如： .
10、主语中含有with 的短语时, 谓语单复数由with 之前的人物决定。at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时) 就站在路边)
11、either…or…或者 neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时, 谓语采用就近原则。如：(要
么是你对, 要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的) / Neither you nor I am going there .
12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时, .(两个月不
是个短时间) Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)
13、主语中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等词语时, 谓语的单复数由名词确定, 如：Over three the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)
但是, population 一词又有特殊情况： What’of China? (句子用单数) / Three quarters of the (阿拉伯人).(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用复数)
实战演练(2×50)
1. June 1st is ____ Day all over the world.A. Child’s B. Children’s C. Childrens’
2. September 10th is ___ Day in China.A. Teacher’s B. Teachers’ C. Teacher
3. This is _______ news.A. such a good B. a very good C. such good
4. —What ______ it is! —Let’s go out to have a picnic.A. a fine weather B. fine day C. a fine day
5. Tom and I go to school _____ every day.A. on feet B. on foot C. by foot
6. –Are those _____? -No, they aren’t. They’re _____.A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow
7. A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.
A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen C. German; Frenchmen
8. That doctor drank two _____.A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea
9. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _______.A. Bob mother B. Bob’s mother’s C. mother of Bob
10. The tall man with a big nose is _______ classmate.A. Tom and Carl B. Tom’s and Carl’s C. Tom and Carl’s
11.In ____ time, there will be more tall buildings in our city.A. few year B. a few years’ C. a few year’s
12. How many ___ do you want every month?A. milk B. water C. apples
13. –Whose is this new bicycle? -It’s _____.A. Sue and Jim’s B . Sue and Jim C. Sue’s and Jim’s
14. –Would you like _____tea?-No, thanks. I’ve drunk two __.
A. any; bottles of orange B. a little; bottle of oranges C. some; bottles of orange
15. –How many _____ do you want? -Two, please.A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C. kilos of eggs
16. The bus stop is two _____ from our house.A. hour’s drive B. hours’ drive C. hour-drive
17. –Where are you going, Amy?-_______.A. To my uncle B. To my uncle’s C. At my uncle
18. Have you read _____?A. a newspaper of today’s B. today newspaper C. today's newspaper
19. Lucy put a lot of ____ in ____ of tea. A. sugar; the two cup B. sugars; the two cups C. sugar; the two cups
20. Tomatoes, broccoli, and ____ are vegetables.A. bananas B. potatoes C. noodles
21. –Help yourself to some _________.-Thank you. I really like them. A. fish B. orange C. cakes
22. The little baby has two _______ already.A. tooth B. a tooth C. teeth
23. We all had ______ last month. Did you travel to anywhere?
A. three days’ holiday B. three day’s holiday C. three -days holiday
24. When autumn comes, ______ of most trees turn yellow and then fall down.A. leaf B. leave C. leaves
25. Tomorrow I'm going to my________. It's a _________.
A aunt...five minutes' walk B aunt's...five minute's walk C aunt's...five minutes' walk
26. A computer is one of the greatest ________in this century.A inventors B inventions C invitations
27. We haven't ________ homework to do today. A many B some C much
28. Three hours________enough for a__________boy to read books.
A is...ten-year-old B are...ten-year-old C is...ten-years-old
29. _________that pair of new_________nice?A Is...shoe B Are...shoes C Is...shoes
30.Mary, I've bought many_______. Now let's make the birthday cake.
A fresh eggs B chocolate milk C food
31. The two ________are my________.A woman doctors... friends B women doctors... friendsC women doctors... friend
32. These are________houses.A Lee and my uncle B the Lee's and my uncle's C theLees' and my uncle
33. We are__________.They are_________.A Chinese...Germen B Chinese...German C Chinese...Germans
34. There ______ a pencil and two books on the desk. A. has B. is C.are
35. A number of students ______ for the school bus now. A. is waiting B. are waiting C. waits
36. The number of students in the class ______ large. A. are B. has C.is
37. A _____ is used for keeping warm. A. stamp B. scarf C. key
38. There is no _______ in the bus so we have to wait for another bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms
39. ---This is a photo of _________ when they were young.---OK, how happy they both looked!
A. my father and mother B. my mother and father's C. my mother's and father's
40. The new student is in __________ , Grade Two. A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three
41. --- What would you like to drink, girls?--- _________, please.
A.Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffee C. Two coffee
42 During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for ______ A. fun B. wishes C. interest
43. They are those _________ bags. Please put them on the bus. A. visitor B. visitor's C. visitors'
44.--- How many students are there in your school?--- There are two ___________.
A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundreds of
45. ---What do you think of the _______ the Moonlight Sonata by Beethoven?-- It sounds really wonderful.
A. subject B. music C. book
46. There is not enough _________ in the corner for the TV. A. place B. room C. field
47. If you don't take more ________, you'll get fat. A. medicine B. lessons C. exercise
48. My school is about twenty ________ walk from here. A. minute B. minutes' C. minutes
49. Mum, I have _______ to tell you! A. a good news B. some good news C. many good news
50. Maths ________ not easy to learn. A. are B. is C. am
二、 代词
代词概述: 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
二、代词分类
英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用主要分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词。
人称代词及其用法
人称代词的用法
人称代词主格在句子中担任主语。
例如：She likes watching movies.她喜欢看电影。They have been to America twice.
人称代词宾格在句子中担任动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
例如：We listen to them and they help us.Who is knocking at the door? --It’s me.
物主代词及其用法
2）物主代词的用法
① 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，在句子中担任定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。例如：This is my book. Your book is over there.They are our new friends.
②名词性物主代词语法上相当于名词，意义上相当于―形容词性物主代词+名词‖，经常用其来避免和前面提到的名词重复。例如：This is my dictionary. Where is yours (=your dictionary)? My idea is just the same as his(=his idea). 3、反身代词及其用法
2）反身代词的用法
① 反身代词在句子中担任动词宾语或介词宾语。
例如：The boy is too young to look after himself. They did the job all by themselves.反身代词常用词组 例如：teach oneself自学 learn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself玩得愉快 hurt oneself伤了自己 help oneself to自便 come to oneself苏醒 by oneself单独；亲自 指示代词及其用法
指示代词：单数this （这）、 that （那）；复数these （这些）, those（那些） 指示代词的用法
this/these用于指代近距离的人或事物。例如：This is my friend and these are his new books.
that/those用于指代远距离的人或事物。例如：Look ！
That girl in red is Kate.瞧！那个穿红衣服的女孩是凯特。 打电话时this 介绍自己，用that 询问对方。例如：This is Mar speaking. Is that Mrs Jones?我是玛丽，您是琼斯夫人吗？ 不定代词及其用法
不定代词是比较复杂的一类代词，在词形上有简单的不定代词和复合不定代词两种形式，分别列表如下。
不定代词的用法
在实际使用中，普通不定代词多数时候用作形容词修饰名词。
some 和any 。两者均可修饰可数和不可数名词。一般情况下，some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。但在说话人想要得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议的疑问句中用some 。 例如：There are some students in the classroom, but there aren’t any teachers. ---Would you like to have some tea or coffee? ---Neither, thanks.
many 和much 。many 修饰可数名词的复数形式，much 修饰不可数名词。 两者均可以和表示程度的副词so ，too ，as ，how 构成too many/much, so many/much, as many/much as, how many/much.例如：I have too much work to do. How did you make so many mistakes? Please speak English as much as possible.
few, a few 和little, a little. few和a few修饰可数名词，little 和a little修饰不可数名词。few ，little 表示否定，a few，a little表示肯定。例如：He is a new student in the school, so he has few friends. I have so little money that I can’t afford the new magazine. Can you lend me some? ---Can I have a few words with you, Mrs Brown? –Sure, I have a little time. ④ both和all 。both 只能用于指代两者，all 指代三者或以上的人或物。
例如：My parents are both teachers. Both my brother and I are students. We all live in Changsha.我父母亲都是老师。我哥和我是学生。我们都生活在长沙。
⑤ either， neither 和none 。either 只能―两者中取其一‖，neither―两者都不‖，是both 反义词，none―都不‖是all 反义词。例如：Either you or your sister has to help your dad in the garden. ---Would you like some milk or coffee? –Neither. Just water, please.They are all teenagers. None of them should be allowed to smoke.。
⑥ other, others, the other, the others.概括地说，不带the 的为泛指，带the 的为特指，带s 的指代复数的人或物，不带s 的指代单数的人或物。
例如：Beijing is larger than the other cities in China. Lei Feng was always ready to help others(=other people)。 I have only two good friends. One is Jack, the other is David. I bought six new books yesterday. One is English, the others(=the other books) are Chinese.
⑦ one, another, one指代上文提到过的单数可数名词，避免重复。another 指的是三者以上中的任意一者，还可以表达―额外添加‖的意思。例如：This building is taller than that one. I have already spent half an hour on the job, but I need another ten minutes to finish it.
⑧ 复合不定代词的句法功能可以参考some 、any 、no 、every 的用法。但下列几点必须 注意： a ）复合不定代词在句子中担任主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：Is there anything wrong with the computer?电脑出问题了吗？ Everybody is here. Let’s begin the meeting.
b ）修饰复合不定代词的形容词要放他们的后面，做后置定语。Be quiet, please. I have something important to tell you.
1 ---Is that man in blue your father? ---No, _______ is my headmaster.
A. he B. him C. she
2. ---Laura, this is my backpack. Where is _______? ---Mine is over there.
A. your B. yours C. his
3. ---Is the woman who walked past just now your teacher? ---Yes, she teaches _____ Chinese.
A. us B. our C. ours
4. ---Is David _________ cousin or theirs? ---He is my cousin.
A. your B. yours C. you
5. Excuse me, _____pen is broken. May I use ________?
A. my, your B. I, yours C. my, yours
6. ---Is this your MP4, Mike? ---No, it’s ______.
A. his B. her C. my
7. We must learn English by __________.
A. us B. our C. ourselves
8. Could you lend me ______ bike? I lost ______ last Saturday.
A. your, my B. your, mine C. yours, mine
9. ---Who taught _____ German? ---Nobody. She learned all by _______.
A. she, her B. her, herself C. hers, herself
10. --- Which would you like, bread or rice? --- ______ of them. I’m full now.
A. Either B. Neither C. All
11. ---_______does your cousin look like? ---He’s tall and thin.
A. What B. Who C. Which
12. Believe yourself. You’re better than ________. You’re the best. Wish you success.
A. anyone else B. some else C. else anyone
13. Most young people find _______ exciting to watch a football match.
A. it B. this C. that
14. ---_______ are you talking about? ----The Olympic Games in Beijing.
A. What B. How C. Whom
15. ---What about this T—shirt? ---I don’t like the color. Please show me _____one.
A. other B. the other C. another
16. ---Did you enjoy ____ at the party, Jimmy? –Yes, Mum. I enjoyed ___very much.
A. yours, ourselves B. yourselves, myself C. yourself, myself
17. They three were all very tired, but ______ of them would stop to have a rest.
A. some B. none C. all
18. There is ______ knocking at the door. Go and see who it is.
A. someone B. anybody C. nobody
19. Do you know the girl between Lucy and ______?
A. she B. his C. me
20. ---Could you tell me ______ to do next? ---Nothing more. Let’s have a rest.
A. what B. how C. when
21. ---Can we put our sports shoes here? ---Oh, yes. Put ______ here, please.
A. them B. their C. they
22. ---______did Mr Wang leave in a hurry? ---Perhaps to meet a friend. Who knows?
A. Where B. For what C. With whom
23. _____ isn’t easy to learn a foreign language well. But don’t give it up.
A. That B. It C. This
24. ---Hello! ---_______is Mary speaking. Is ______ Lily? --- Yes, speaking.
A. This, this B. This, that C. That, this
25. ---Who told you Sam and Kitty got married? --- A friend of _______.
A. you B. her C. mine
26．There are many tall buildings on _______ sides of the street.
A. either B. all C. both
27 I asked both Mary and Lucy to my birthday party, but ________ of them can come.
A. both B. neither C. all
28．---Mum, Li Ming bought a parrot yesterday. Could you please buy ____ for me?
---Sure. But you must take good care of it.
A. one B. it C. that
29．The weather in Hengyang is different from ______ in Beijing.
A. one B. it C. that
30．As we all have grown up, we should learn to look after ________.
A. ourselves B. us C. myself
31．Never say you’re a fool. Everyone is good at ________.
A. something B. anything C. everything
32 I like pop music, but _______ my father _______ my mother likes it.
A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor
33．---When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning?
---_______ is OK. I’m free these days.
A. Both B. All C. Either
34 There are only _________ new words in the passage, but I know _____ of them.
A. some; all B. a few; none C. lots of; a few
35 ---Who is singing in the next room? --- _______ must be Marie.
A. It B. She C. This
36．The machines made in China are cheaper than ________ made in Japan.
A. ones B. that C. those
37 ---Two Evening Papers, please! ---Only one copy left. Would you like to have ___, sir?
A. one B. it C. this
38 ---Do you like talking with your friends on the phone or on mobile phone?
---_________. I enjoy using QQ.
A. Either B. Neither C. None
39 The pears in my basket are smaller than _______ in Jim’s.
A. those B. that C. ones
40．We can’t leave our grandparents by _________.
A. they B. them C. themselves
41．---Can I talk to you for a minute, Brian? ---Sure. I have ______ time.
A. a few B. little C. a little
42．---Is _______ here today? ---No. Han Mei isn’t here. Maybe she’s ill.
A. someone B. anyone C. everyone
43．---Have you finished your task? ---No, I’ll finish it in _______ ten minutes. A. less B. other C. another
44．Mrs White has two children. _______ is a driver, and ______ is a nurse.
A. One; another B. One; the other C. One; other
45．The old woman asked _______, ―What should I do?‖ A. herself B. her C. hers
46．Either you or I _______ right. A. is B. am C. are D. be
47 We found _______ necessary to protect the environment. A. it B. this C. that
48．It was ________ fine day that they went to the park.A. so a B. a so C. such a
49．_________went surfing at the beach because of the terrible weather.A. Someone B. No one C. Nothing
50．---______ did Mr Wang leave in a hurry? ---Perhaps to meet a friend. Who knows?
A. How B. Where C. For what
三．数词、冠词
一．数词
1. 数词概述：表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词。其用法相当于名词或者形容词。
2. 数词的种类：可以分为两种： 基数词：表示数目多少的数词。序数词：表示先后顺序的数词。
3. 基数词的写法和用法
1）1—12的基数词是独立的单词，即： one ，two ，three ，four ，five ，six ，seven ，eight ， nine ，ten ，eleven ，twelve 。 2）13—19的基数词以-teen 结尾。如：14—fourteen ，但13，15，18较特殊，13—thirteen 15—fifteen 18—eighteen 。 3）20—90的整十位均以-ty 结尾。如：60—sixty ，但20，30，40，50，80较特殊， 20—twenty 30—thirty 40—forty 50—fifty 80—eighty 。
4) 十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号―-‖，如：28—twenty-eight ，96—ninety-six 。
5) 百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加―and‖，如：148—one hundred and forty-eight , 406—four hundred and six。
6) hundred（百），thousand （千），million （百万），billion （十亿）等前面即使有具体的数词，不能在它们后面加s 。
7) .百(hundred),千(thousand),百万(million)与介词of 连用时侯，用复数形式，表不确定数目，其前面不可与数字连用
8）. 表示―几十‖的数词，复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代。
如： He is in his forties. 他四十多岁。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在二十世纪三十年代。
9）. 基数词可与其他词构成形容词。
如： Can you say something about your two-month holiday? ？(two和month 之间有连字符时，month 用单数)
4. 序数词的写法和用法
1）．基数词变序数词可利用口诀巧记：―一、二、三，特殊记，八去―t ‖，九去―e‖，―ve‖要用―f‖替，见―y‖变成―i‖和―e‖，词尾加上―th‖，若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。‖
变法如下：first ，second ，third ，eight —eighth nine—ninth ，five —fifth ，twelve —twelfth ，twenty —twentieth ，forty —fortieth ，twenty-five —twenty-fifth 。
其余情况均在基数词后加th 。如： six —sixth, nineteen—nineteenth , hundred— hundredth, thousand—thousandth 等。
2）. 序数词前常用定冠词the, 表―顺序‖。但如果序数词不表示顺序，而表示―又一个，另一个‖时，则不能用the, 要用a. 如：Try it a second time. 再试一下。
5. 序数词表示―名次‖时，不用定冠词。
He was first. 他得了第一名。
Who was first? Who was second？谁是第一名？谁是第二名？
注意:
1. 分数的读法：分子必须用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如果大于1，分母须用复数形式。先读分子，再读分母。分子为one 时可换用a. 如：
In our class, about a third can speak English well.
Two thirds 三分之二。
2.1/2读作―a(或one)half(而不是a second ―一秒钟‖)，1/4既可读作―a(或one)quarter‖又可读作 ―a(或one)fourth‖. 3/4:Three quarters
3. 小数的读法：小数点前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全相同；小数点读作point, 小数点后只将数字一一读出。 15.67 读作: fifteen point six seven
4. 百分数的读法：先读基数词，再读百分号 ―%‖（读作percent ）.
5% 读作: five percent.
5. 年代的读法为―两位，两位‖地读。整百的后读hundred, 整千的后读thousand, 前常加 the year. 如：
1937读作nineteen thirty-seven 或：nineteen hundred and thirty-seven
2000 年 读作 the year two thousand December the first, nineteen ninety-four 一九九四年十二月一日
二. 冠词
1. 冠词概述：冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。
2. 冠词的种类：英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词，另一种是不定冠词，还有一种是零冠词。
3. 不定冠词的用法
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是" 一个" 的意思。a 用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an 则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。
1) 表示" 一个" ，意为one ；
2) 代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is a doctor.
3) 词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a great many / many a / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on /
4. 定冠词的用法
定冠词the 与指示代词this ，that 同源，有" 那（这）个" 的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。它有以下意义：
1）特指双方都明白的人或物：定冠词the 与指示代词this ，that 同源，有" 那（这）个" 的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1）特指双方都明白的人或物： Take the umbrella. 带上伞。
2）上文提到过的人或事： He bought a book. I've read the book.
他买了一本书。我看过那本书。
3）指世上独一物二的事物： the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth
4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人; the living 活着的人。
5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only ，very ，same 等前面：
Where do you live? I live on the second floor. 你住在哪？我住在二层。
That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。
6）用在表示身体部位的名词前： She caught me by the hand. 她抓住了我手。
7）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国
8）用在表示乐器的名词之前： She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。
9) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人： the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
10) 用在惯用语中：
in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening), the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water，field ，country) in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, by the way, go to the theatre
5. 零冠词的用法
1) 国名，人名前通常不用冠词：England ，Mary ；
2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词； They are teachers.
3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词； Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。
2）在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；
We go to school from Monday to Friday.
3）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词
4） 当by 与火车等交通工具连用中间无冠词；by bus，by train；
5）有些个体名词不用冠词；如： school ，college ，prison ，market ，hospital ，bed ，table ，class ， town ，church ，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义，
如：go to hospital 去医院看病
go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)
6）不用冠词的序数词；
a. 序数词前有物主代词
b. 序数词作副词 He came first in the race.
c. 在固定词组中 at (the) first, first of all, from first to last
实战演练(2×50)
1. There are ___ days in a year.
A. three hundred sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five
2． ______visitors visit this museum every day. A. Hundred B. Hundred of C. Hundreds of
3. There are two___ people in the library. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of
4. Every year ___ watch NBA on TV. A. million people B. millions of people C. millions people
5. ____ trees will be planted in our city in 5 years. A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Two thousand of
6. My brother is in____. A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade first, Class Third
7. We are going to learn___ this term. A. book six B. six book C. Book Six
8. Please turn to___. Let's read the text aloud. A. Page Two B. the page two C. second page
9. He will come here ____ tomorrow morning. A. at fifth B. at ten C. on two
10. He was doing some reading ____.
A. at eight yesterday morning B. yesterday morning eight C. yesterday morning at eight
11. He began to live there____. A. on his fifty B. at age of fifty C. in his fifties
12 They moved to the USA _ A. in 1980s B. in the 1980 ' C. in the 1980s
13.She was ___ her early twenties when she became a movie star. A. at B. on C. in
14. There are____ months in a year. December is the____month of the year.
A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve
15. Sunday is the____ day of the week. A. seventh B. first C. second
16. Autumn is________ season in a year. A. the fourth B. the third C. a third
17. -What's the date today? -It’s___. A. Friday B. cloudy C. July 4th
18. Jenny was born _______.A. on July 10, 1997 B. in July 10, 1997 C. in 1997, July 10
19. Monday is the second day, and_______.
A. Tuesday is the fourth B. Thursday is the fifth C. the second is Tuesday
20. About____ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese. A. four-fifth B. four-fifths C. fourth-fifths
21. ___ of the students are girls in our class. A. Two three B. Two threes C. Two thirds
22.___ of the world's books and newspapers are written in English. A. Three quarters B. Three quarter C. Thirds four
23. Tom is____ in the row. A. a third B. the third C. third
24. The girl wanted to sing____ song at the party yesterday. A. two B. a second C. the second
25. Now let him have____. A. the third try B. a third try C. third try
26. Our school is only _______ walk from here. A. five-minute B. five minute’s C. five minutes’
27. There are ________ days in a week. A. the seven B. seventh C.seven
28.Please write down the new words in the text of ________.
A. Lesson Eleven B. the Lesson Eleven C. Lesson Eleventh
29.----How old is your sister? ------________. A. She’s fifteenth B. She’s young C. She’s fifteen
30. I read ______story. It is ______interesting story.A. a, an B. a, a C. the, the
31. Paris is __ European country and China is ___ Asian country.A. an, an B. a, a C. a, an
32. _____elephant is bigger than ______ horse.A. /, / B. an, a C. A, a
33. Shut _____door, please.A. a B. an C. the
34.He is now living in ______ European country. A. a B. an C. /
35. China is ______ old country with ______ long history. A. an, a B. a, a C. an, the
36. My parents usually go out for ______ walk in ______ evening. A. the, a B. a, the C. /, the
37. Her ______ first thing is to help her mother clean the room. A. a B. the C. /
38. The word ―floor‖ begins with ______ ―f‖ and the end with ______ ―r‖. A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a
39. June 1st is ______ Children’s Day. A. a B. the C. ./
40. ______ Huanghe River is _______ second largest river in China. A. The, the B. A, a C. The, a
41. Paris is one of ______ most beautiful cities in ______ world. A. /, the B. / ,/ C. the, the
42.Yesterday Mr Smith went to ______ Great Wall at ______ noon. A. the, the B. /,/ C. the, /
43. We always have ______ milk for ______ breakfast. A. /,/ B. the, / C. /,a
44．-Did you see my grandfather?
-Oh, I saw ______old man sitting on a chair under the tree. Maybe he is.A. a B. an C. the
45．-Do you see ______man with a dog?
-Oh, Yes, ______dog is black.A. the, a, The B. a, a, C. a, the
46．Who is ______better, Li Ping or Wang Dong? A. the B. a C. ×
47．We go to school five days ______ week.A. a B. an C. /
48．-In which class is ______ boy in white? -He's in Class 5.A. the B. a C. an
49. We often have sports after class, and I like to play _____ soccer.A. a B. an C. /
50．More college graduates would like to work in _______ west part of our country ______ next year.
A. the, the B. /, / C. the, /
数词专项练习
( ) 1. There are about ________ students in our school.
A. two thousand of B. two thousands C. two thousands of D. two thousand
( ) 2. There are ________ students in our grade.
A. three hundreds and forty-five B. three hundred and forty five
C. three hundred forty-five D. three hundred and forty-five
( ) 3. Sunday is ________ day of the week. A. the first B. one C. he seventh D. the seven
( ) 4. Please come to my office ________.
A. at half past eight B. at half passed either C. in half past eight D. on half past eight
( ) 5. If you want to go to the cinema, take ________.
A. bus No. the ninth B. the No. 9 bus C. No. 9 the bus D. No. the ninth bus
( ) 6. The Greens came to China ________.
A. in 1984 October 27 B. in October 27, 1984
C. on 27, 1984 October D. on October 27, 1984
( ) 7. The story took place in ________.
A. nineteen centuries B. nineteen century
C. the nineteenth century D. nineteenth century
( ) 8. I was told they would stay in China for ________.
A. one and a half years B. one and a half year
C. one and half years D. one half and one year
( ) 9. Tomorrow we are going to learn ________.
A. Lesson Second B. the Lesson Two C. Lesson Two D. second lesson
( ) 10. I think that the first day of spring is ________.
A. twenty-two of March B. twenty-second on March
C. twenty-two in March D. the twenty-second of March
( ) 11. ________ letter of the word “restaurant ” is “n ”. A. The nineth B. Nineth C. The ninth D. Ninth
( ) 12. We talked for ________. A. half a hour B. half hour C. an hour half D. half an hour
( ) 13. The bus will leave at ________ this afternoon.
A. three fifteen B. three and fifteen C. three quarters D. fifty to three
( ) 14. The earth is ________ the size of the moon.
A. 49 the times B. 49 times C. 49 time D. fourty-nine times
( ) 15. It’s a ________ ruler.
A. two-feet-long B. two feet long C. two-foot-long D. two-foot-long
( ) 16. ________ students are planting trees.
A. Several hundreds B. Several hundred C. Five hundreds D. Five hundred of
( ) 17. ________ to finish quickly.
A. No every student wants B. No every student want
C. Not every student wants D. Not every student want
( ) 18. ________ ago, our country was covered by thick forests.
A. Several million of year B. Several million year
C. Several million years D. Several million of years
( ) 19. The weight of the moon is only about ________ of that of the earth.
A. one eighty B. one of eighty C. one the eightieth D. one eightieth
( ) 20. It’s 11:45. Yes, it’s ________.
A. fifteen past twelve B. fifteen from twelve
C. a quarter past eightieth D. a quarter to twelve
( ) 21. What date is it? It’s ________.
A. July twentieth-first B. of July twenty-first
C. the twenty-first of July D. a quarter to twelve
( ) 22. ---- ________, please? ---- It was April 25th.
A. How old are you B. What was the date yesterday
C. What time was it D. What day is it today
( ) 23. I have ________ things to do. I can’t play ________.
A. many, no more B. a lot of, any more C. much, more D. much, any more
( ) 24. I have a ________ paper on my desk. A. little B. lot C. lots D. little of
( ) 25. This is ________.
A. the question thirty B. the question thirteen C. thirty question D. question thirteen
( ) 26. ________ of the work has been done. A. Two third B. Two three C. Two thirds D. Two third
( ) 27. It’s ________ now. Let’s hurry.
A. half passed six B. thirty passed six C. half pass six D. half to seven
( ) 28. What’s the date today? It’s ________.
A. the June fourth B. the fourth of June C. of June the fourth D. fourth June
( ) 29. Next week we’re going to lean ________. A. unit 5 B. the unit 5 C. Unit 5 D. 5 Unit
( ) 30. Do you have much work to do this weekend? Yes, I have to write a ________ paper.
A. two-thousand-word B. two-thousand-words
C. two-thousands-word D. two-thousands-words
( ) 31. The tree is ________ tall.
A. forteen feet B. fourteen feet C. fourteen foot D. fourty foot
( ) 32. Fifty plus ________.
A. fourty is ninety B. forty is ninety C. thirty is ninety D. fourty is ninety
( ) 33. There are ________ students in this school.
A. four hundred fifty-two B. four hundreds fifty-two
C. four hundred and fifty-two D. four hundred and fifty two
( ) 34. My home is about ________ away from the school.
A. three hundred metre B. three hundreds metres
C. three hundred metres D. three hundreds metre
( ) 35. December is ________ and last month is a year.
A. the twelveth B. twelveth C. the twelfth D. twelfth
( ) 36. ________ of the teachers in the school are from colleges.
A. Three quarters B. Two-third C. Two fifth D. Two-nineths
( ) 37. There are two world wars during ________ century.
A. the twenties B. the twentieth C. twenties D. twentieth
( ) 39. In the forties, his father served in the New ________ Army（新四军）,while this mother worked in the ________
Route Army.（八路军）
A. the twenty-first lesson B. Lesson Twenty First
C. the 21th lesson D. Lesson 21th
( ) 40. He will stay here for ________.
A. one and half month B. one and a half month
C. one months and half D. one and a half months
( ) 41. ---- What’s the date today? ---- It’s ________.
A. nine B. Monday C. June 5 D. 11:00
( ) 42. ---- Would you like to eat ________ apples? ---- No, thank you.
A. more two B. two more C. two another D. two else
( ) 43. He said he would come back in ________.
A. one or two days B. a or two days C. one and two days D. a day and two
( ) 44. --- How often do you write to your parents abroad? ---- ________.
A. Twice a month B. Second times a month
C. A second time a month D. Second a time a month
( ) 45. ________ people died in the traffic accidents in the world.
A. Thousand of B. Thousands of C. Ten thousands of D. Ten thousand of
( ) 46. What is the time? It’s ________. (4:25)
A. four twenty-five B. four past twenty-five C. twenty-five to four D. four twenty five
( ) 47. Mr. Smith lives on ________ floor.A. fiveth B. fifth C. the fiveth D. the fifth
( ) 48. He began to learn English in his ________.A. fifty B. fiftieth C. fifties D. fifth
( ) 49. His sister was born ________.
A. in 1998, October 21 B. on 1998, October 21
C. in October 21, 1998 D. on October 21, 1998
( ) 50. When he was ________, he left home to work in different cities.
A. in his twenty B. at his twenty C. in his twenties D. at his twenties
( ) 51. I’m ________ than you.
A. five years older B. fifteen year old C. fifteen years D. fifteen old
( ) 52. ---- How old are you? ---- I’m________.
A. fifteen years old B. fifteen year old C. fifteen years D. fifteen old
( ) 53. ---- How many teachers are there in your school? ---- ________, but I’m not sure.
A. Hundreds B. Hundred C. Hundreds D. One hundred
( ) 54. About ________ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.
A. four-fifth B. four-fifths C. fourth-fifths D. fourths-fifth
( ) 55. They planted ________ trees on the farm last year.
A. two hundreds B. two hundred of C. two hundreds of D. hundreds of
( ) 56. I think that the ________ century will bring us more hopes.
A. twenty-one B. twentieth-first C. twenty-first D. twentieth-one
( ) 57. I think________ lesson is the most difficult in this book.
A. five B. fifth C. the fifth D. fifteen
( ) 58. ________ travelers come to visit our city every year.
A. Hundred of B. Hundreds of C. Five Hundreds D. Hundred
( ) 59. We have five ________ students in our school.
A. hundred of B. Hundreds of C. hundred D. hundreds
( ) 60. ________ of the teachers in the school is 300. ________ of them are women teachers.
A. The number, first fourth B. The number, one fourth
C. A number, one second D. A number, three quarters
( ) 61. The English swimmer came in ________ third. A. a B. an C. / D. the
( ) 62. ________ I found out that he was away in town.
A. Other day B. One day C. A day D. Some day
( ) 63. Play ________ music for me, will you? A. a B. a piece of C. an D. some piece of
( ) 64. ________ of the land is covered ________ water.
A. Two third, by B. Two three, with C. Two thirds, by D. Two third, with
四、介词、连词
介词
介词概述：介词表示它与后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。介词是虚词，不能单独做句子成分。介词在英语中用法很活，也无一定规律可循。在初中范围内还应学一个记住一个，特别是那些和动词的特殊搭配。 常用介词的意义和用法。
? 时间或地点介词in 、on 、at 的用法区别：
表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间；
表示地点时, in 表示在某个范围之内, on 表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at 则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如：
He was born on the night of May 10th.
I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning.
His glasses are on the desk.
My brother is at the bus stop.
? after与in 表示时间的用法区别：―after+(具体时刻/从句)‖表示―在…时刻之后‖常用于一般过去时态；―in+(一段时间)‖表示―在(多久) 之后‖,常用于将来时态。如：
He said that he would come back after 6：00.
My father is coming back from Astralia in about a month.
? since与for 表示时间的用法区别：―since+(具体时刻/that-从句)‖表示―自从…起一直到现在‖,―for +(一段时间)‖表示―持续一段时间‖,都常用于完成时态；如：
My father has worked in this factory since 1970.
My father has worked in this factory for over 30 years.
? by 、in 与with 表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示―工具、手段‖,但是by 主要表示―乘坐‖某个交通工具或―以……方式‖,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者；in 表示―使用‖某种语言/文字,with 表示―使用‖某个具体的工具、手段。如： We write with our hands and walk with our feet.
Please speak in English.
Let’s go to the zoo by bus.
It was invented by Adison.
? about与on 的用法区别：都可以表示―有关…‖, 但是about 的意义比较广, 而on 主要表示―有关…(专题/课程)‖。如： Tom is going to give a speech on the history of China.
They are talking about the English test.
? through与across 、over 的用法区别： through 指―穿过…(门洞/人群/树林)‖； across 和over 可以指―跨越…(街道/河流)‖,可互换, 但是表示―翻过…‖时只能用over. 如：
Just then a kangaroo (鼠)ran across the road.(就在那时一只袋鼠跑过路面)
There is a bridge across/over the river.(河上有座桥)
They climbed over the mountain and arrived there (他们翻过大山到达了那里)/
The visitors went through a big gate into another park.(参观者们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园)
(7)as与like 的区别：两个词都表示―像……‖,但是as 译为―作为……‖,表示的是职业、职务、作用等事实, 而like 译为―像……一样‖,表示外表, 不是事实。如：
Let me speak to you as a teacher.(我以老师的身份和你讲话。)
Let me speak to you like a teacher.(让我像一位老师一样和你讲话)
(8)in front of 与in the front of：in front of―在…的前面‖, 与in the front of―在…的前部‖。如：
A group of people was standing in front of the hall.
In the front of the hall stood a group of people.
(12)except与besides 的区别：except―除了‖,表示排除掉某人物, 即不包含；而besides―除了‖则表示包含, 即―不仅……又……‖。如：
Everyone went to the park except Tom.(除了Tom, 大家都去了公园)(Tom没有去公园)/
Besides maths he also studied many other subjects.(除了数学之外, 他还学其他许多功课)(―数学‖也是他学的功课之一) 连词
1. 连词概述：连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词，短语或句子，但不单独做句子成分。按照连词的性质，可将连词分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词如：and ，but ，or ，for 等，它们即可连接单词，短语，又可连接句子。从属连词
如：when ，before ，because 等，它们主要引导名词性从句。
2. 常见连词的用法：
1）并列连词 的用法： 并列连词有：and, but, or, nor, so, for yet, however, as well as, both...and, not only...but also, either...or, neither...nor, still,
And ： 连接单词短语句子 。如：Tom and I study in the same school.
But, or ：I have a pen but no pencil. / Would you like coffee or tea?
Nothing but除了，只有： I did nothing but watch it.
Or 表示否则：如： Hurry up or you will miss the train.
for 表示后面的句子是原因。如： He is good at piano for he practices harder than others.
No t only…but also 不仅…而且。可并列主、谓、宾、表及句子。主语并列时，谓语要就近一致。如: Not only he but also I am a nurse.
As well as 以及，同样。并列单词、短语、句子。并列主语时，动词要随前面的主语变化 .如：He works as well as he can
Either…or 既…又…，或…或…，并列主、谓、宾、表及状语 ，如：Either come in or go out.
Neither…nor 既不…也不， 并列主、谓、宾、表、状语，并列主语时，谓语就近一致。如：Neither you nor he is lazy.
Both…and 和，既…也，并列主、谓、宾及表语。I can speak both English and French.
nor 也不，引导句子要倒装 。如：He can not play the piano, nor can I.
so 因此，所以，不和because 连用。如：You like swimming, so do I.
从属连词的用法： 从属连词有：after, when, before, as, while, since, until, till, if, unless, because, than, that, whether, so that
after 表示―时间‖，在…之后。如：After I finished the school, I became a worker in the factory.
Although/though 表示让步， ―尽管‖。如： Although she is young, she knows a lot.
as 表示时间，―当…时‖，方式―象…‖，原因，―由于、因为‖让步，―尽管、虽然‖ 。如： As it was rainy, we couldn’t go out now.
As if/as though 表方式，―似乎、好像‖ 。如： He told us such a story as though he had been there before. As long as/so long as 表条件，―只要‖ 。如： As long as I am here, I’ll go to help you.
As soon as 表时间，―一…就…‖。如： I will call you as soon as I come back.
because 表原因，―因为‖。如： I have to practice more because I am not good at English.
before 表时间，―在…之前’’ 。如： You should think more before you do it.
Even if/ even though 表让步，―即使‖。如： You should try again even if you failed.
Hardly…when 表时间，―（刚）一…就‖。如： Hardly I entered the gate when the bell rang.
if ―假如‖，引导条件状语从句。如： We will stay at home if the rain doesn’t stop.
―是否‖，引导宾语从句。如； I don’t know if he goes shopping.
In order that 表目的，―为了，以便‖。如： We study hard in order that we can pass the exam.
No matter +疑问词 表让步，―无论，不管‖。如： No matter what you do, you should try your best. No sooner…than 表时间，―刚一…就…‖。如： No sooner had I come home than it began to rain. once 表时间，―一旦…‖。如： Once you read this book, you’ll never forget it.
since 表时间，―自从…以来‖.如： He has been in this city since he left school.
表原因，―既然，由于‖ 。如: Since the job is dangerous, let’s do it more carefully.
so far as/as far as 表条件，―就…而言，就…而论‖.如：As far as I know, it is easy for you to speak in English. So that 表目的，―以便‖ 。如： Speak loud so that everybody can hear clearly.
So…that 表结果―如此, 以致‖。如： He got up so early that he caught the early bus.
than 表示比较，―比‖ 。如： Things were worse than we thought.
unless 表条件，―除非，如果不‖ 。如： You will fail in the test unless you study hard.
Until/till 表时间，―直到…为止‖ 。如： I’ll wait till my mother comes back.
when 表时间，―当…时’’。如： When they got there, the train has left.
whether ―是否‖引导名词性从句 。如： Whether he can come to see us is unknown.
表让步，―不管/无论、是否‖。如：Whether she is rich or poor, she is always happy.
while 表时间，―当…时‖ 。如： While he was in Beijing, he visited the Great Wall.
whenever 表时间，―无论什么时候‖。如： Whenever you meet any trouble, tell me at once.
实战演练(2×50)
1.----How old are you?
----I’m fifteen. I was born ________ 1990. A. in B. at C. on
2. I study for a test _________ working with a group. A. in B. by C. at
3. A tsunami(海啸) happened in some southern Asian countries________ December, 2004. A. at B. on C. in
4. Tim’s mum is worried _______ her son’s study as he plays computer games too much. A. for B. about C. with
5. We should return the books to the library ______ time. A. about B. on C. by
6. ________ your help, my maths has improved a lot. A. With B. Without C. Under
7. A thief stole my wallet_______ the night of May 1st. A. at B. in C. on
8. James is looking ________ his cat everywhere. Have you seen it ? A. like B. at C. for
9. It’s not always necessary to look up the words ________ the dictionary while reading. Sometimes we need to guess.
A. on B. in C. at
10. Zhangjiajie is famous _______ its beautiful mountains. A. from B. at C. for
11．Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in
12. The plane is starting___five minutes. A. in B. at C. for
13. Lucy sits____ the third row, ____Jim's right. A. on; on B. in; at C. in; on
14.Shanghai is___ the east of China, but Japan is ___ the east of China. A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to
15. 1 like rice dumplings ____ meat ____ them. A. in; on B. with; on C. with; in
16. When you are ___ trouble please ask help ___ us. A. in; from B. in; for C. on; from
17. He put up a map ___ the back wall because there was a hole ___ it. A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in
18. This kind of TV is made____ China. . A. in B. from C. at
19. There are some birds singing___ the trees. A. in B. on C. at
20. Don't read ____ the sun. It's bad ___ your eyes. A. in; to B. under; for C. with; to
21.Some planes are flying___ the city. A. through B. over , C. on ,
22. A mother camel was walking ___ her son ___ the desert. A. without; along B. with; through C. next to; pass
23. The river runs____ the city. A. cross B. through C. over
24. My uncle lives ____ 56 Changan Street. A.on B. of C. at
25. They are waiting ___ a bus ___ the bus stop. A. for; in B. on; at C. for; at
26. Is there any difference ____ these two sentences? A. for B. in C. between
27. Our headmaster showed the visitors ____ our school. A. to B. for C. around
28. Nobody knew it ____ me. A. except B. beside C. besides
29. Do you know any other foreign language____ English. A. without B. beside C. besides
30. --- Can you play football? --- Yes, I can, ______ I can't play it very well. A. or B. and C. but
31. There is something wrong___my bike. A. at B. in C. with
32. -His sudden death surprised his wife. -It was so bad. His wife was surprised ____ his death. A. by B. with C. at
33. Don't laugh____ him, everyone will make mistakes. A. at B. to C. about
34. What did you have ___ breakfast? A. at B. as C. for D. about
35. He can speak English_______ Chinese. A. but B. also C. and
36. Physics is not so easy, _______I like it very much.A. but B. or C. since
37. Will Tom wait for her at home ______ at the library? A. or B. as C. so that
38. I'll give her the gift ______ Mary arrives. A. so B. before C. as soon as
39. The woman was____ angry_____ she couldn't say anything. A. neither…nor B. either…or C. so…that
40. I can't sleep well at night, ______I often feel sleepy in the day. A. so B. because C. and
41. Study hard, ______ you will fall behind. A. and B. but C. or
42. _________ John _______I are policemen. A. Neither ... nor B. Either ... or C. Both ... and
43. He didn't go to sleep ______he finished his homework. A. till B. before C. until
44. Wait for me in the room _______ I come back. A. until B. and C. so
45. Go along the road, _______ you'll find the bookstore at the end of it. A. when B. and C. or
46. You'll be late ______ you don't get up early tomorrow morning. A. if B. when C. before
47. The scientist knows two languages. He can speak _________ English _________ French.
A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and
48. His hobby is ______ reading_______ collecting stamps. It’s growing flowers.
A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor
49. Neither he nor I _______ from Canada. We are from Australia. A. is B. are C. am
50. Mr Smith comes from America, and he has studied Chinese in China for 5 years. So you can talk with him ________.
A. either in English or in Chinese B. not in Chinese but in English C. just in English, not in Chinese
介词和介词短语专项练习
一、选择填空
( ) 1. It’s hot ________ summer in Beijing. A. by B. on C. at D. in
( ) 2. The desks and chairs are made ________ wood.A. from B. of C. by D. in
( ) 3. China is famous ________ her Great Wall. A. as B. for C. to D. of
( ) 4. What do you mean ________ saying so? A. with B. of C. for D. by
( ) 5. Taiwan is ________ the southeast of China.A. in B. to C. on D. at
( ) 6. Our teacher told us to look ________ the new words in the dictionary. A. for B. up C. at D. into
( ) 7. She was born ________ September, 1990.A. at B. on C. in D. to
( ) 8. These coats are different ________ the coats over there.A. in B. on C. at D. from
( ) 9. Thank you very much ________ leading the eraser ________ me.A. for, at B. to, to C. for, to D. to, for
( ) 10. Since you are ________ trouble, why not ask ________ help?A. in, for B. in, to C. with, for D. with, to
( ) 11. No one can stop her ________ leaving for China.A. of B. from C. to D. for
( ) 12. --- When did Mr. Green come back. --- ________ nine o’clock yesterday morning.A. At B. For C. In D. On
( ) 13. Mr. Ted taught English in China ________ 1999. A. for B. since C. in D. at
( ) 14. Don’t tell anybody about it. Keep it ________ you and me.A. among B. between C. in D. with
( ) 15. He is a good student. He gets ________ well ________ others.A. up, on B. in, on C. on, with D. on, at
( ) 16. My father often helps me ________ my maths. A. of B. to C. on D. with
( ) 17. Li Ping is good ________ maths, but he is weak ________ English.A. at, at B. at, in C. in, in D. in, at
( ) 18. The woman ________ a red dress is my aunt. A. in B. at C. of D. on
( ) 19. A new bridge was built ________ the river.A. on B. over C. in D. of
( ) 20. The girl often gets ________ school ________ 8:30. A. at, in B. to, on C. at, at D. to, at
( ) 21. Walk ________ the bridge and you’ll find the post office.A. along B. through C. across D. past
( ) 22. Can you write a letter ________ English?A. with B. in C. by D. from
( ) 23. ―What’s wrong ________ you?‖ The doctor asked.A. from B. with C. for D. in
( ) 24. Grandma prefers tea ________ coffee.A. about B. to C. on D. of
( ) 25. You are getting too fat. Eating too much is bad ________ your health.A. for B. to C. about D. with
( ) 26. Yesterday it snowed. Now the roads are covered ________ snow. A. with B. by C. for D. in
( ) 27. It’s not good to be late ________ school.A. on B. for C. in D. to
( ) 28. Poor Tom fell ________ the ladder ________ the ground. A. off, into B. down, into C. down, onto D. off, onto
( ) 29. My father has gone to New York. He’ll be back ________ four months.A. after B. in C. later D. for
( ) 30. Is this kind of car made ________ Harbin?A. of B. in C. by D. from
( ) 31. It’s time ________ supper. Lucy and Lily are sitting ________ the table.A. to, at B. at, for C. for, on D. for, at
( ) 32. Their parents are waiting ________ a bus.A. to B. at C. on D. for
( ) 33. Be careful when you get ________ or ________ the bus.A. in, off B. on, off C. on, from D. in, from
( ) 34. Please don’t shout ________ the boy. He is right.A. at B. on C. with D. from
( ) 35. It is dangerous ________ children to play ________ fire.A. for, with B. for, / C. to, with D. to, /
二、用适当的介词填空
Shall I see you ________ Sunday?
She has been to Shanghai ________ last week.
It’s a secret ________ you and me.
The bus arrives ________ a village in the evening.
ere does he come ________?
It’s very kind ________ you to help me with my English.
He has visited seven book shops ________ one ________ another. I’m sorry I can’t say it ________ English.
The farmers are carrying baskets of apples ________ the truck. There are a lot of leaves ________ the tree.
The girl ________ the hat is Lucy.
Give me a bottle ________ orange please.
What’s wrong ________ your TV?
I think the shop is closed ________ this time of day.
They have lunch ________ the middle of the day.
________ his way home, he met a strange man.
She was born ________ June 6, 1995.
What’s the time, please? It’s half ________ five.
hat are they talking ________?
He is sitting ________ the front of the bus.
Zhang Hong is ________ duty today.
Dong eye exercises is good ________ your eyes.
His pen is different ________ mine.
What’s the weather ________, today?
They have rice for supper ________ times.
Can you tell me the way ________ the post office?
He left Beijing ________ visit ________ London.
Don’t laugh at those ________ trouble.
sunshine can reach the vegetables ________ the glass.
We should learn ________ each other.
What do you mean ________ panda?
He goes to work ________ usual.
Li Lei went to the meeting instead ________ me.
I felt a little afraid ________ my father.
He doesn’t like eggs ________ all.
You’re just ________ time ________ the match.
I saw the news ________ a newspaper.
What do you think ________ the book? Interesting.
The moon moves ________ the earth.
Can you find the answer ________ the question?
A woman was standing ________ the corner of the street.
Here’s a page ________ a student’s diary.
Have you heard ________ your under yet?
The students walked ________ the gate with Uncle Wang.
hen he was ready, he jumped ________ the water.
Every morning on his way to school Jim walks ________ the little house. We’re flying ________ the clouds.
There’s a bridge ________ the river.
连词专项练习
一、选择填空
( ) 1. ________ it was early, she turned off the radio and went to bed.
A. Because B. Though C. Since D. As
( ) 2. Which shirt is more expensive, the white one ________ the green one?
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 3. Work hard, ________ you’ll learn English well.
A. and B. but C. for D. or
( ) 4. You may go ________ you clean the classroom.
A. before B. because C. as soon as D. after
( ) 5. He is a teacher ________ I am a farmer.
A. or B. so C. but D. while
( ) 6. I like autumn ________ I can have a lot of fruit.
A. but B. if C. though D. because
( ) 7. ________ Jim ________ Kate has come. I don’t know when they will come.
A. Both…and B. Not only….but also C. Neither….nor D. either…or
( ) 8. He’s at home these days. You may come ________ today ________ tomorrow.
A. either…or B. both….and C. not only…but also D. neither…nor
( ) 9. My grandma is old ________ strong.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 10. The boy is clever, ________, he often makes mistakes.
A. and B. however C. when D. or
( ) 11. You’d better put on more clothes, ________ it’s very cold outside.
A. for B. and C. because of D. or
( ) 12. ________ I went into the classroom,, the students were talking about the film.
A. While B. After C. When D. Before
( ) 13. We’ll go back to the fields ________ the snow stops.
A. as soon as B. because C. but D. and
( ) 14. The plane flew so high ________ it looked very small.
A. that B. why C. whether D. /
( ) 15. I didn’t get up ________ Father came back from the factory.
A. when B. until C. while D. because
( ) 16. I don’t know ________ or not we’ll have an exam tomorrow.
A. if B. when C. whether D. that if
( ) 17. Please speak loudly ________ I can hear a little better.
A. though B. so that C. that D. while
( ) 18. Please speak loudly ________ I can hear a little better.
A. though B. so that C. such that D. as
( ) 19. Ring me up ________ you come to my house.
A. though B. as C. before D. than
( ) 20. More people came ________ I expected.
A. as if B. so that C. since D. than
( ) 21. You must do ________ I told you.
A. after B. before C. where D. as
( ) 22. Class One is ________ large ________ Class Two.
A. so, that B. as, as C. such, that D. so, as
( ) 23. They will be thankful for ________ you have done.
A. what B. that C. which D. who
( ) 24. I will write to you ________ I get there.
A. while B. as soon as C. as D. since
( ) 25. ________ he is old, he can walk very fast.
A. If B. Although C. Since D. Because
( ) 26. We’ll go to visit the Great Wall ________ it rains tomorrow.
A. since B. as soon as C. when D. unless
( ) 27. You most get up early tomorrow, ________ I will go there alone.
A. or B. and C. yet D. for
( ) 28. It was raining hard, ________, the peasant went on with their work.
A. but B. and C. however D. although
( ) 29. Do you know ________ Jane is getting on well with her classmates?
A. what B. how C. that D. which
( ) 30. He is not a football player ________.
A. but also plays the piano B. but the pianist
C. but play the piano as well D. but a famous pianist
( ) 31. It’s such an interesting story ________ everybody likes it.
A. as B. that C. so that D. which
( ) 32. I don’t like him. I’d rather ________ in than ________ to play with him.
A. to play, to go B. stay, go C. to play, go D. stay, to go
( ) 33. He is very old, ________ he still works very hard.
A. if B. when C. and D. but
( ) 34. Mrs. Smith likes music ________ her husband likes sport.
A. while B. or C. for D. so
( ) 35. ________ Tom ________ Mary is free. You’d better play with others.
A. Both, and B. Not only, but also C. Neither, nor D. Either, or
( ) 36. They didn’t start to work ________ the boss arrived.
A. so B. as soon as C. while D. until
( ) 37. ________ you’re all here, we can work out a solution.
A. Because B. Though C. Since D For
( ) 38. The child is clever ________ healthy.
A. as soon as B. as good as C. as well as D. as tall as
( ) 39. We must set off now, ________ we’ll miss the last train.
A. and B. while C. then D. or
( ) 40. Can you name three countries ________ Chinese is used as one of their languages?
A. that B. which C. where D. there
( ) 41. Mr. Smith comes from Australia, but he has worked in China for five years. So you can talk with him ________.
A. either in English or in Chinese B. not in Chinese but in English
C. just in English, not in Chinese D. neither in Chinese nor in English
( ) 42. The teacher asked the new student ________ class he was in.
A. which B. where C. how D. when
( ) 43. Stop cutting trees, ________ the earth will become worse and worse.
A. and B. then C. but D. or
( ) 44. Jim has been in the factory for two years ________ he left school.
A. when B. since C. as soon as D. whether
( ) 45. There is no air ________ water on the moon.
A. and B. or C. yet D. so
( ) 46. I’ve sent him three letters, ________ he hasn’t written back.
A. so B. but C. for D. or
( ) 47. ________ the parents ________ their daughter have been to Australia.
A. Neither, nor B. Either, or C. Both, and D. Not only, but also
( ) 48. ________ the students ________ their teacher is going to watch the football match on TV.
A. Not only, but also B. Both, and C. Either, nor D. Neither, or
( ) 49. ______ she students ______ their teacher is going to watch the football match on TV.
A. When B. While C. Before D. until
( ) 50. The lights went out ________ they were reading.
A. while B. before C. after D. if
( ) 51. They waited ________ the bus came.
A. as B. until C. when D. by
( ) 52. I really didn’t know who is our new English teacher ________ you told me.
A. until B. after C. when D. though
( ) 53. ________ it was so cold, the boy went out without a cap.
A. But B. When C. Although D. Because
( ) 54. Have you been here _______?
A. at eight the day before yesterday B. since one year ago
C. two years ago D. since two years
( ) 55. Lucy thinks ________ Mr. Hu is a good PE teacher.
A. this B. it C. that D. her
( ) 56. You must set off now, ________ you’ll miss the train.
A. and B. while C. then D. or
( ) 57. Every night Li Lei studied hard and did his homework ________ 11:30 pm.
A. at B. since C. until D. for
( ) 58. Jim is ________ clever ________ he understands everything.
A. such a, that B. as, so C. so, that D. so, as
( ) 59. We don’t understand the passage ________ there are some new words in it.
A. and B. if C. though D. because
( ) 60. He asked his father ________.
A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen
二、用适当的连词填空
Lily could swim well ________ she was young.
I did ________ he told me.
Hurry up, ________ you won’t find a seat.
You can’t know ________ you try.
I’ve not seen him ________ he left.
Lucy can speak a little French ________ Jim can’t.
I didn’t meet you ________ the train was late.
I got up early ________ I can get to school on time.
I know you better ________ he does.
I was reading ________ she was playing games.
You’ll miss the train ________ you hurry up.
It looks ________ it’s gong to rain.
________ you are all here. Let’s begin.
You can ask Jim to do the work ________ you want.
You should look both ways ________ you cross the road.
I wondered ________ she would come or not.
I’ll tell her about it ________ I see her.
________ it rains tomorrow. We’ll stay at home.
Young people love this time of year ________. It’s good for sports.
Summer comes ________ spring.
Tom is tall ________ his brother is short.
参考答案
1-5 CCABA 5-10 BCABA 11-15 CCCBB 16-20 ACABB 21-25 CABBB
26-30 CCACA 31-35 CBCBA 36-40 BCCCA 41-45 CCABC 46-50 CAACC
参考答案：
一、1. D 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. B 17. C 18. C 19. D 20. D 21. C 22. B
23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. A 40. D 41. C 42. B 43. A 44.
A 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. D 56. C 57. C 58. B 59. C 60. B 61. C 62. B 63. B 64. C 答案： 1-5 ABCBB 6-10 ACCBC 11-15 BACBC 16-20 BCAAB 21-25 BBBCC
26-30 CCACC 31-35 CCACC 36-40 AACCA 41-45 CCCAB 46-50 ACCCA
参考答案：
一、1. D 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C
22. B 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. A
二、1. on 2. since 3. between 4. at 5. from 6. of 7. from, to 8. in 9. onto 10. on 11. in 12. of 13. with 14. at 15. in 16. On
17. on 18. past 19. about 20. in 21. on 22. for 23. from 24. like 25. at 26. to 27. on, to 28. in 29. through 30. from 31. by 32. as 33. of 34. of 35. at 36. in, for 37. in 38. of 39. round 40. to 41. at 42. from 473. through 45. into 46. by 47. above 48. over
49. at
参考答案：
一、1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. D 7. C 8. A. 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. D 22.
B 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. C 39. D 40. C 41. A 42. A
43. D 44. B 45. B 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. A 50. 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. C 56. D 57. C 58. C 59. D 60. C 二、1. when 2. as
3. or 4. until 5. since 6. while, 7. because 8. so that 9. than 10. while 11. unless 12. as if 13. since 14. if 15. before 16. whether 17. when, as soon as 18. If 19. because 20. after 21. but, yet 22. either, or 23. that
问题解答：
我来补答