问题描述：
求英语的常见介词和副词短语
要有翻译.
要有翻译.
问题解答：
我来补答
首先建议楼主可以买一本小的词组手册,至于副词词组暂时还没听说.扶持修饰句子或动词的作用.
下面推荐一些介词短语
介词和动词的固定搭配:
同一动词和不同介词的搭配:
look at (看) look for (寻找) look after (照顾) look over (检查) look (a)round (环视) arrive in +大地方 (到达) arrive at+小地方 (到达) hear of (听说) hear from (收到……的来信) spend +钱+on sth (花钱做某事) spend+时间+(in) doing sth. (花时间做某事)
同一介词和不同动词的搭配:
ask for (要求) leave for (动身去) send for (派人去请) pay for (付钱) wait for (等待) agree with sb (同意某人) begin with (以……开始) help with (在……方面帮助) catch up with (赶上) get on / along with (与……相处) make friends with (与……交朋友) play with (玩……)
其它的介词和动词的搭配:
listen to (听) come from (来自……) fall off (从……上摔下) try out (试验) knock at / on (敲) prefer…to… (比起……来还是……好) learn by oneself (自学) take care of (照顾) stop…(from) doing (阻止……做某事) help oneself to+食物 (随便吃……) fill…with… (在……里装满/充满) laugh at (嘲笑) worry about (为……担心) write to (写信给……) try on (试穿,试戴)
介词和形容词的常见搭配:
be good at =do well in (在……方面好) be weak in (在……方面差) be good for (对…有益) be bad for (对……有害) be late for (迟到) be sorry for (为……遗憾,抱歉) be full of (充满) be busy with (忙于……) be angry with sb. (对某人生气) be angry at/about (for doing) sth. (对某事生气) be afraid of (害怕) be interested in (对……感兴趣) be different from (与……不同) be strict with sb. (对某人严格) be strict in sth.(对某事严格) be famous for (因……而闻名) be/ get ready for (为……作好准备)
许多介词和名词的固定搭配中不用"the"等限定词:
by bike/car/bus/train/plane/air/land/road etc.
on foot (步行) at night (在晚上) at work (在工作) at breakfast/lunch/supper (在吃早,午,晚饭) day after day (一天又一天) at times (有时) in surprise (惊奇地) on fire (着火)
1)at once 立刻
2)at last 最后
3)at first 起先,首先
4)at the age of… 在……岁时
5)at the end of… 在……之末
6)at the beginning of… 在……之初
7)at the foot of… 在……脚下
8)at the same time 同时
9)at night/noon 在夜里/中午
10)with one's help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助
11)with the help of … 在……的帮助下
12)with a smile 面带笑容
13)with one's own eyes 亲眼看见
14)after a while 过了一会儿
15)from now on 从现在起
16)from then on 从那时起
17)far example 例如
18)far away from 远离
19)from morning till night 从早到晚
20)by and by 不久
21)by air mail 寄航空邮件
22)by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车
23)by ordinary mail 寄平信
24)by the way 顺便说
25)by the window 在窗边
26)by the end of… 到……底为止
27)little by little 逐渐地
28)in all 总共
29)in fact 事实上
30)in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时
31)in a hurry 匆忙
32)in the middle of 在……中间
33)in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快
34)in time (on time) 及时
35)in public 公众,公开地
36)in order to 为了……
37)in front of 在……前面
38)in the sun 在阳光下
39)in the end 最后,终于
40)in surprise 惊奇地
41)in turn 依次
42)of course 当然
43)a bit (of) 有一点儿
44)a lot of 许多
45)a little 一点儿
46)on one's way to 某人在去……的路上
47)on foot 步行,走路
48)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告
49)on the other hand 另一方面
50)at/on the weekend 在周末
51)on the left (right) 在左(右)边
52)on the other side of 在……另一边
53)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)
54)to one's joy 使……高兴的是
55)to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是
1.表示时间的介词及介词短语
in, at, on, before,after,till,since,for, fromto, until, by,in the middle of,at the beginning of, at the end of,at half past five,at night,in a week,in the morning,in class,at sunrise, in spring/summer/autumn/winter,on Sunday,on Saturday afternoon,on a winter evening,for a long time,for two months,after school,since liberation,before lunch,at the time of,at the age of.
2.表示地点的介词及介词短语
in,at,into,to,on,beside,before,behind,above,under,outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across, off, down, among, past,between,out of,around,in the front of, in the middle of, at the back of,at the foot of,at home,at the gate,at the table,in the sky, on the ground,in a tree, in the south,in the sun,in the bed,on one’s way home,by the side of.
3.介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语
1）.介词与动词搭配
arrive in／at到达 ask for要,请求do well in在……方面做得好give in投降go on继续
hear from收到……来信 hear of听说help's B.with sth.帮助……做
laugh at嘲笑 learn from向……学习leave for离开一地去另一地
talk to与……谈话 go in for从事,致力于
put up穿上,挂上 take down拿下,取了look at（有意识地）看 speak to对某人说
send for派人去请shout at大声叫喊,吼叫take away拿走,带走think of考虑,关心
turninto把……变成 wait for等候,等待take off脱下,起飞
turn on／off打开（关上）listen to听 look after照顾,照看
look for寻找 look like 看上去像get to 到达 point to 指着……
fill with充满,装满 begin with以……开始deal／do with处置,对待
meet with偶尔遇见,遭遇 pass on传递
belong to属于write to写信给……call on号召,访问,邀请die of死于……
depend on依靠,依赖smile at向……微笑 believe in信任look out向四下看,到处看
2）.介词与名词搭配
in time及时 in bed卧床in life一生中 on time准时,按时
in front of在……前面 on foot步行by bus乘公共汽车 at home在家in English用英语 in the middle在中间
at night在晚上 at noon在中午at hospital在医院 with a smile带着微笑
of course当然（可以） in a hurry匆忙,急忙in a minute一会儿by the way顺便说说／问问
at first首先,起初 at last最后,终于at the meeting在会上 at least至少on one’s way to在……的路上
in the sun在阳光下in a tree在树上in surprise惊奇地 at once立刻,马上at the foot of在……脚下
at all压根儿at dinner在吃正餐 at the table在桌子旁at work在工作
at school在学校at the back of在……后面
at the beginning of在……开始 at the end of在……结尾at the same time同时,然而by hand用手,手工,亲手
by the end of到……结束时by train乘火车day by day日复一日one by one一个接一个
by spaceship乘坐宇宙飞船in a low voice大声地in a word总而言之,一句话in trouble处于困境
in fact事实上in the street在街上in the end最后,终于in space在空间
in no time立刻,很快in order按顺序,整齐,正常in order to为了,以便 in the day在白天
in line成一直线in a short while不久in all总共,总计 in town在城里in silence不作声
out of breath上气不接下气out of sight消失,看不见on duty值日on the left／right在左／右边
on the one handon the other hand一方面……另一方面on the other side of在……的另一边
on top of在……顶上 in the distance在远处in public当众,公开地 out of work失业
on the radio通过无线电广播 to this day直到今天to one’s surprise/joy使某人吃惊/高兴
3)介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配
be born in出生于……be good at擅长……be made of由……制成
be angry with s B. 对某人生气be angry at sth. 为某事生气be pleased with s B. 对某人感到满意
be satisfied with sth.对某事感到满意be surprised at对……感到惊奇/诧异be tired of讨厌……／厌倦……
be interested in对……感兴趣be proud of以……为自豪/骄傲be full of充满……
take／catch hold of抓住be sure of确信…… take part in参加
break into 闯入take care of照顾,关心,保管
be busy with忙于……be strict with对……严格要求
catch up with跟上,赶上 have nothing to do with与……无关
go to school上学 go to bed／sleep睡觉give a lesson to给……上课
go to the cinema 去看电影be kind to s B.对某人友好say hello to向……问好look forward to盼望,期待
keep out of不让进入 go on strike罢工be used to习惯于……
4.看似相同,但意义有别的词组
英语中有一些介词词组和动词词组,它们从形式上看似乎基本相同,但在意义上却截然不同.要是我们在记忆上对这类词组不加以重视,使用时就很容易望文生义,甚至张冠李戴.为此,把这类词组归纳如下：
1）.介词词组
(1) at table在进餐at the table在桌子旁（=beside the desk）
(2) at desk在读书或做作业at the desk在书桌旁
(3) at school在校上学（指学生）at the school在学校（指教职工）
(4) in front of the bus在公共汽车的前面（不在车上）in the front of the bus在公共汽车的前部（在车上）
(5) at sea在航海中at the sea在海边
(6) by day白天by the day按日,论日
(7) behind time误期behind the time落后于时代
(8) in class在上课,在课内in the class在这个班
(9) in bed 卧床,在睡觉in the bed在床上
(10) in prison坐牢in the prison在监狱
(11) in red穿着红色的衣服in the red负债,亏损
(12) in hospital住院（指病人）in the hospital（因事）在医院
(13) in office在办公,执政in the office在办公室
(14) in secret秘密,私下in the secret参入秘密,参入阴谋
(15) in place of 代替,而不是in the place of在……地方
(16) in case of万一,如果in the case of就……来说,至于
(17) of age成年人of an age同龄人
(18) out of office离职out of the office离开办公室
(19) out of prison（因犯罪）出狱out of the prison（因事）从监狱出来
(20) out of question毫无疑问out of the question不可能,办不到
2）.含有介词的动词词组
(1) come out of hospital（病好）出院come out of the hospital（因事）从医院里出来
(2) come out of prison（刑满）释放come out of the prison（因事）从监狱里出来
(3) go to school去上学go to the school（因事）去学校
(4) go to college上大学go to the/a college去一所学校（办事）
(5) go to bed上床睡觉go to the bed去床边
(6) go to hospital去住院go to the hospital（因事）去医院
(7) go to prison去坐牢go to the prison（因事）去监狱
(8) go to sea当海员go to the sea去海边
(9) go to court起诉go to the court（因事）去法庭
(10) go to church做礼拜go to the church（因事）去教堂
(11) keep house管理家务keep the house守在家里
(12) take place发生take the place代替
3）.有无冠词,意义无多大区别的介词词组
(1)at(the)most至多
(2)at(the)first起初
(3)all(the)day 整天
(4)catch(a)cold感冒
(5)in(the)future 将来
(6)in(the)memory of纪念
(7)go to(the)office 上班,去办公室
(8)go to(the)market 赶集,去市场
(9)on(a)holiday 在度假
(10)(the)day before yesterday 前天
(11)(the)most of 大多数
(12)with(a)smiling face 面带微笑
下面推荐一些介词短语
介词和动词的固定搭配:
同一动词和不同介词的搭配:
look at (看) look for (寻找) look after (照顾) look over (检查) look (a)round (环视) arrive in +大地方 (到达) arrive at+小地方 (到达) hear of (听说) hear from (收到……的来信) spend +钱+on sth (花钱做某事) spend+时间+(in) doing sth. (花时间做某事)
同一介词和不同动词的搭配:
ask for (要求) leave for (动身去) send for (派人去请) pay for (付钱) wait for (等待) agree with sb (同意某人) begin with (以……开始) help with (在……方面帮助) catch up with (赶上) get on / along with (与……相处) make friends with (与……交朋友) play with (玩……)
其它的介词和动词的搭配:
listen to (听) come from (来自……) fall off (从……上摔下) try out (试验) knock at / on (敲) prefer…to… (比起……来还是……好) learn by oneself (自学) take care of (照顾) stop…(from) doing (阻止……做某事) help oneself to+食物 (随便吃……) fill…with… (在……里装满/充满) laugh at (嘲笑) worry about (为……担心) write to (写信给……) try on (试穿,试戴)
介词和形容词的常见搭配:
be good at =do well in (在……方面好) be weak in (在……方面差) be good for (对…有益) be bad for (对……有害) be late for (迟到) be sorry for (为……遗憾,抱歉) be full of (充满) be busy with (忙于……) be angry with sb. (对某人生气) be angry at/about (for doing) sth. (对某事生气) be afraid of (害怕) be interested in (对……感兴趣) be different from (与……不同) be strict with sb. (对某人严格) be strict in sth.(对某事严格) be famous for (因……而闻名) be/ get ready for (为……作好准备)
许多介词和名词的固定搭配中不用"the"等限定词:
by bike/car/bus/train/plane/air/land/road etc.
on foot (步行) at night (在晚上) at work (在工作) at breakfast/lunch/supper (在吃早,午,晚饭) day after day (一天又一天) at times (有时) in surprise (惊奇地) on fire (着火)
1)at once 立刻
2)at last 最后
3)at first 起先,首先
4)at the age of… 在……岁时
5)at the end of… 在……之末
6)at the beginning of… 在……之初
7)at the foot of… 在……脚下
8)at the same time 同时
9)at night/noon 在夜里/中午
10)with one's help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助
11)with the help of … 在……的帮助下
12)with a smile 面带笑容
13)with one's own eyes 亲眼看见
14)after a while 过了一会儿
15)from now on 从现在起
16)from then on 从那时起
17)far example 例如
18)far away from 远离
19)from morning till night 从早到晚
20)by and by 不久
21)by air mail 寄航空邮件
22)by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车
23)by ordinary mail 寄平信
24)by the way 顺便说
25)by the window 在窗边
26)by the end of… 到……底为止
27)little by little 逐渐地
28)in all 总共
29)in fact 事实上
30)in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时
31)in a hurry 匆忙
32)in the middle of 在……中间
33)in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快
34)in time (on time) 及时
35)in public 公众,公开地
36)in order to 为了……
37)in front of 在……前面
38)in the sun 在阳光下
39)in the end 最后,终于
40)in surprise 惊奇地
41)in turn 依次
42)of course 当然
43)a bit (of) 有一点儿
44)a lot of 许多
45)a little 一点儿
46)on one's way to 某人在去……的路上
47)on foot 步行,走路
48)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告
49)on the other hand 另一方面
50)at/on the weekend 在周末
51)on the left (right) 在左(右)边
52)on the other side of 在……另一边
53)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)
54)to one's joy 使……高兴的是
55)to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是
1.表示时间的介词及介词短语
in, at, on, before,after,till,since,for, fromto, until, by,in the middle of,at the beginning of, at the end of,at half past five,at night,in a week,in the morning,in class,at sunrise, in spring/summer/autumn/winter,on Sunday,on Saturday afternoon,on a winter evening,for a long time,for two months,after school,since liberation,before lunch,at the time of,at the age of.
2.表示地点的介词及介词短语
in,at,into,to,on,beside,before,behind,above,under,outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across, off, down, among, past,between,out of,around,in the front of, in the middle of, at the back of,at the foot of,at home,at the gate,at the table,in the sky, on the ground,in a tree, in the south,in the sun,in the bed,on one’s way home,by the side of.
3.介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语
1）.介词与动词搭配
arrive in／at到达 ask for要,请求do well in在……方面做得好give in投降go on继续
hear from收到……来信 hear of听说help's B.with sth.帮助……做
laugh at嘲笑 learn from向……学习leave for离开一地去另一地
talk to与……谈话 go in for从事,致力于
put up穿上,挂上 take down拿下,取了look at（有意识地）看 speak to对某人说
send for派人去请shout at大声叫喊,吼叫take away拿走,带走think of考虑,关心
turninto把……变成 wait for等候,等待take off脱下,起飞
turn on／off打开（关上）listen to听 look after照顾,照看
look for寻找 look like 看上去像get to 到达 point to 指着……
fill with充满,装满 begin with以……开始deal／do with处置,对待
meet with偶尔遇见,遭遇 pass on传递
belong to属于write to写信给……call on号召,访问,邀请die of死于……
depend on依靠,依赖smile at向……微笑 believe in信任look out向四下看,到处看
2）.介词与名词搭配
in time及时 in bed卧床in life一生中 on time准时,按时
in front of在……前面 on foot步行by bus乘公共汽车 at home在家in English用英语 in the middle在中间
at night在晚上 at noon在中午at hospital在医院 with a smile带着微笑
of course当然（可以） in a hurry匆忙,急忙in a minute一会儿by the way顺便说说／问问
at first首先,起初 at last最后,终于at the meeting在会上 at least至少on one’s way to在……的路上
in the sun在阳光下in a tree在树上in surprise惊奇地 at once立刻,马上at the foot of在……脚下
at all压根儿at dinner在吃正餐 at the table在桌子旁at work在工作
at school在学校at the back of在……后面
at the beginning of在……开始 at the end of在……结尾at the same time同时,然而by hand用手,手工,亲手
by the end of到……结束时by train乘火车day by day日复一日one by one一个接一个
by spaceship乘坐宇宙飞船in a low voice大声地in a word总而言之,一句话in trouble处于困境
in fact事实上in the street在街上in the end最后,终于in space在空间
in no time立刻,很快in order按顺序,整齐,正常in order to为了,以便 in the day在白天
in line成一直线in a short while不久in all总共,总计 in town在城里in silence不作声
out of breath上气不接下气out of sight消失,看不见on duty值日on the left／right在左／右边
on the one handon the other hand一方面……另一方面on the other side of在……的另一边
on top of在……顶上 in the distance在远处in public当众,公开地 out of work失业
on the radio通过无线电广播 to this day直到今天to one’s surprise/joy使某人吃惊/高兴
3)介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配
be born in出生于……be good at擅长……be made of由……制成
be angry with s B. 对某人生气be angry at sth. 为某事生气be pleased with s B. 对某人感到满意
be satisfied with sth.对某事感到满意be surprised at对……感到惊奇/诧异be tired of讨厌……／厌倦……
be interested in对……感兴趣be proud of以……为自豪/骄傲be full of充满……
take／catch hold of抓住be sure of确信…… take part in参加
break into 闯入take care of照顾,关心,保管
be busy with忙于……be strict with对……严格要求
catch up with跟上,赶上 have nothing to do with与……无关
go to school上学 go to bed／sleep睡觉give a lesson to给……上课
go to the cinema 去看电影be kind to s B.对某人友好say hello to向……问好look forward to盼望,期待
keep out of不让进入 go on strike罢工be used to习惯于……
4.看似相同,但意义有别的词组
英语中有一些介词词组和动词词组,它们从形式上看似乎基本相同,但在意义上却截然不同.要是我们在记忆上对这类词组不加以重视,使用时就很容易望文生义,甚至张冠李戴.为此,把这类词组归纳如下：
1）.介词词组
(1) at table在进餐at the table在桌子旁（=beside the desk）
(2) at desk在读书或做作业at the desk在书桌旁
(3) at school在校上学（指学生）at the school在学校（指教职工）
(4) in front of the bus在公共汽车的前面（不在车上）in the front of the bus在公共汽车的前部（在车上）
(5) at sea在航海中at the sea在海边
(6) by day白天by the day按日,论日
(7) behind time误期behind the time落后于时代
(8) in class在上课,在课内in the class在这个班
(9) in bed 卧床,在睡觉in the bed在床上
(10) in prison坐牢in the prison在监狱
(11) in red穿着红色的衣服in the red负债,亏损
(12) in hospital住院（指病人）in the hospital（因事）在医院
(13) in office在办公,执政in the office在办公室
(14) in secret秘密,私下in the secret参入秘密,参入阴谋
(15) in place of 代替,而不是in the place of在……地方
(16) in case of万一,如果in the case of就……来说,至于
(17) of age成年人of an age同龄人
(18) out of office离职out of the office离开办公室
(19) out of prison（因犯罪）出狱out of the prison（因事）从监狱出来
(20) out of question毫无疑问out of the question不可能,办不到
2）.含有介词的动词词组
(1) come out of hospital（病好）出院come out of the hospital（因事）从医院里出来
(2) come out of prison（刑满）释放come out of the prison（因事）从监狱里出来
(3) go to school去上学go to the school（因事）去学校
(4) go to college上大学go to the/a college去一所学校（办事）
(5) go to bed上床睡觉go to the bed去床边
(6) go to hospital去住院go to the hospital（因事）去医院
(7) go to prison去坐牢go to the prison（因事）去监狱
(8) go to sea当海员go to the sea去海边
(9) go to court起诉go to the court（因事）去法庭
(10) go to church做礼拜go to the church（因事）去教堂
(11) keep house管理家务keep the house守在家里
(12) take place发生take the place代替
3）.有无冠词,意义无多大区别的介词词组
(1)at(the)most至多
(2)at(the)first起初
(3)all(the)day 整天
(4)catch(a)cold感冒
(5)in(the)future 将来
(6)in(the)memory of纪念
(7)go to(the)office 上班,去办公室
(8)go to(the)market 赶集,去市场
(9)on(a)holiday 在度假
(10)(the)day before yesterday 前天
(11)(the)most of 大多数
(12)with(a)smiling face 面带微笑
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