过去完成时是指过去某一时间或动作之前发生的动作,也就是过去的过去,
其谓语构成形式：助动词had +过去分词 例如
The plane had taken off when we arrived at the airport到达机场本已是发生在过去而飞机起飞在此之前发生,也就是过去的过去用had arrived at
被动语态中,主语是动作的承受着,要注意各个时态的谓语构成形式：
一般现在时被动语态谓语构成形式 助动词is/am/are+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态谓语构成形式 助动词was/were+过去分词
现在进行时被动语态谓语构成形式 助动词is/am/are+being+过去分词
现在完成时被动语态谓语构成形式 助动词have/has+过去分词
过去完成时被动语态谓语构成形式 助动词had+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态谓语构成形式 助动词was/were+过去分词
一般将来时被动语态谓语构成形式 助动词will/shall/be going to+过去分词
含有情态动词的被动语态谓语构成形式 情态动词+be+过去分词
只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语才能有被动语态
含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态可以变为两种形式例如
He passed me a book变为被动语态可变为
A book was given to me by him或I was given a book by him
感官动词如hear,watch,see和使役动词let,have,make后作为宾语补足语的不定式要省略掉to而变为被动语态后仍然要加上to例如
We often hear the girl sing变为被动语态
The girl is often heared to sing by us
The boss made them work 12 hours a day.变为被动语态
They were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.
